Rousseau Political Implication Of The Theory Of Nature

Jean-Jacques Rousseau is one of the great ideologists in the enlightenment of France, and also a disputed one. The state of nature theory composes the basis of Rousseau’s political and philosophy structure, and is also the starting point of his political theory. Deeply excavating the political profound meanings of this theory is very meaningful for grasping Rousseau’s ideology figure factually, restoring the integrity of Rousseau’s masterpieces and solving the conflicts and disputes of Rousseau’s theory. This research is intended to systemicalty organize and interpret the political implication of Rousseau’s state of nature theory by unscrambling and analyzing Rousseau’s texts, try to do benefit for the research of Rousseau’s political philosophy.The first part of the paper mainly discusses the ideological origin of Rousseau’s state of nature theory. In the history of western politics and ideology, the state of nature theory owns a centuries-old time. Grotius, Hobbes and Locke, all of them constructed their political theory through the transition mode from the state of nature to the state of citizens. Their thoughts have provided the ideological materials for Rousseau’s state of nature theory in various aspects.The second part of the paper systemically organizes and interprets Rousseau’s State of nature theory and its political implication within. In his A discourse on inequality, Rousseau pictures beautiful prospects of the state of nature and criticizes the scene of desolation in the civilized society, provides the foundation and basis for his ideology of citizen cultivation, general will theory and the sovereignty of the people, offers the reference for the construction of an ideal contract society. The ultimate purpose of his state of nature theory is for people to fulfilling virtue, constituting order, enjoying freedom, heading the normative citizen state.The third part is to give an objective evaluation to Rousseau’s state of nature theory. This theory of Rousseau provides the foundation of his political ideology, in which many thoughts get further elaboration in The social contract. Understanding the political implication of Rousseau’s state of nature theory will help us to understand the integrity of his masterpieces. Rousseau’s state of nature theory projects the political value of freedom and equality, also has a certain level of impact on the generation of the related theories of the Marxism, it opens up a vast space for the advancing of human philosophic thinking.