| As to the discussion of socialism, Bernstein put his focus on the basic connotationof it and how to realize it. The premise of his socialistic theory is subjective idealism inNeo-Kantianism, which advocates replacing materialist dialectics with eclecticismregarding to the theory of methodology. Bernstein emphasized the effect of ‘immaterialfact’ in historical development, and opposed peoples’ dogmatizing upholding of theinevitability of historical development in the Second International period. It appears thatthere is great necessity in emphasizing the principle role of historical development, butessentially Bernstein used the ‘ethical socialism’ theory in Neo-Kantianism tocomplement scientific socialism, and to further deny the inevitability of historicaldevelopment. He replaced historical material monism with dualism.Bernstein denied the general trend of capital accumulation with unilateral andscattered economic material. He took the theory of surplus value as moral syntax, andradically denied the objective law of the development of capitalism. As to how to realizesocialism, Bernstein brought up the idea of peace eternally entering socialism by meansof democracy. He unilaterally emphasized the grasp on the rights and benefits ofproletariat, separating the present interests and fundamental interests of proletariat, anddissevered the process and the result of socialistic movement. He put dictatorship intothe opposing position of democracy, which revealed severe tendency toward positivismand opportunism. Bernstein’s theoretical mistake was that he denied dialectic method ofanalysis and philosophy of materialism.The theory of socialist philosophy position of Bernstein and the philosophy basisof socialism of science stand in diametrical opposition. To reveal the causes of histheory, by using Marxist philosophy with the basic position of the basic point and basicmethod of his error analysis, thereby better insist on mark socialist philosophy, better stick to the scientific socialism. |
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