Research On Reform Of Pension Security System For Teachers In Chinese Colleges And Universities

With the setup of socialist market economy system and the advance of public sector reform, the reform of social security systems in universities and colleges also enters the "deepwater area", and some system limitations gradually appear. Old-fashioned systems and mechanism in universities and colleges cannot meet the development requirements, and thus reform is essential. At present, the pension system (also called the retirement system) for teachers in Chinese universities and colleges is basically a practice in the era of planned economy. It has ever played an active role in securing the lives of retired teachers in universities and colleges and promoting the constructive development of universities and colleges. However, with the appearance of such problems as social and economic development and enlarged aging populations, this system cannot adapt to the development of Chinese universities and colleges. Therefore, it is very necessary to carry out research on the reform model of pension security system for teachers in Chinese universities and colleges to set up a new pension security system in line with the social and economic development requirements.This paper firstly adopts a literature review method to outline existing problems in the research on the pension security system for teachers in Chinese universities and colleges by searching for related files and laws and retrieving research findings from major journals and websites; secondly, this paper adopts an empirical analysis method to carry out deep analysis on the current pension system in A university; thirdly, this paper adopts a comparison method to compare the pension security systems in American universities and Japanese universities, and analyze problems in the current pension system in A university; and finally this paper proposes some thoughts on the reform of pension security system for teachers in Chinese universities and colleges.This paper is written based on the idea that the reform of pension security system for teachers in universities and colleges are required in terms of both implicit needs and explicit needs. The implicit needs are justified by the definition of compensation, description of deferred payment related theories, and professional features of teachers in universities and colleges. The explicit needs are proved by the change in the pension security system in Chinese universities and colleges, various weaknesses of the current pension system in A university, and success hints in the pension security systems in foreign universities and colleges.This paper firstly introduces the deferred allocation, and describes the causes and meanings of the research topic, and defines the concepts of wage, compensation, pension security, social security, and deferred payment. Secondly, this paper finds out the advantages and disadvantages of the current system through analysis of theoretical evidences and practical research of A university, and learns some good practices in the reform of pension security systems in foreign universities and colleges so as to provide theoretical references and evidences for setting up and optimizing the pension security system for teachers in Chinese universities and colleges. Thirdly, this paper proposes the following suggestions:In the process of setting up and optimizing the pension security system for teachers in universities and colleges, the social equity and efficiency should be reflected, while the unique aspects of universities and colleges should be emphasized; reforms should be differentiated between the universities and colleges and general public sectors. This paper also suggests that the social pension security and even the pension system in universities and colleges should be legalized as soon as possible, so that the pension security reform can be carried out according to related laws. In addition, this paper advocates that the overall pooling level should be increased and a provincial or national pooling level of pension security funds for teachers in universities and colleges should be implemented, that is, the pension funds should be expanded through social donations to guarantee pensions needed by the basic lives of retired teachers. Furthermore, this paper suggests that a multi-pillar pension security framework should be set up for teachers in universities and colleges and a fund payment mechanism in which pension security fees are co-paid by the government, universities, and teachers should be adopted. Finally, this paper suggests that the reform of pension security system for teachers in universities and colleges should be advanced steadily according to the principles of classified management and gradual implementation.In this way, a seamless joint can be implemented between new and old pension systems to provide powerful support for the healthy development of Chinese universities and colleges.