Study On The Rural Female Labor Force’s Educational Expectations And Behaviors On Their Children

In the process of economic development and urbanization in China, the characteristics of the rural female labor force’s transferring and the problems of their left-behind kids have caught much attention in our society. This study suggests that these phenomena have certain relevance, since the "Lord" of family affairs, the female, her out-working decision-making and her behavior onto her children’s education can influence each other. Therefore, this study will choose the rural mothers (i.e. the having-had-given-birth female labor force in rural areas) as respondents, exploring their out-working decision-making behavior and the behavior of their educating-children, in order to understand the links between the two more clearly.According to Becker’s family theories, each family has labor divisions between men and women. And the utility of parents lies on their own consumption and their children’s quality. While the latter one can be measured by the future-income of their children, which can be mostly depended on the investment in human capital they have received during their growth. The investment composes of two forms, one is capital investment, and the other is time investment. This study starts from Becker’s theories and proposes relative hypotheses, trying to reach some conclusion by the statistical description of the survey data, and running the Logit Model and multiple linear regression models.The survey samples of this study mainly focused on the30-45year-old age range, and most of them are primary and lower secondary level of education-based. They are mostly engaged in the job type of low-skill-requiring. The distribution of their average monthly income has a wide range, but having reached the one-thousand-per-month level is rare. Meanwhile, most survey samples have only one child, and the children who are at school and had got focal point during our investigation, are mainly in primary and secondary stage; and their score rank in school, above the underachiever level.The results of the survey shows that the rural female labor force who has already given birth, tends to going out for job before their marriage or their first-pregnant, and after their eldest child’s reaching school. in this two periods, the number and the rate of rural women transferring are very significant."Family’s less income" become the primary cause of their migrance at any stage, although its impact in the model analysis is not magnitude. Having land or elderly left home is the main cause of their stay. The operating results has shown that there are four factors which significantly impact the decision-making of out-working of the rural female labor force’s,who has already given birth. The four factors are the number of children in the family, whether her family has the pre-school children, whether her husband already has worked out, and whether herself has experiences as a migrant worker.In the analysis of children’s education investment from mother, the survey found that there were a small number of families which have additional capital investment for school children. And whether from the absolute amount of the capital investment, or from the relative proportion of annual household income for the point of view, the rural families which have children’s mother left behind keep a lower stage in capital investment of education as a whole. Meanwhile, the rural female labor force, who has already given birth, generally not often gives their school children educational time investment. The investment behaviors in education for school children are significantly impacted by the lowest education expectation of her child we had focused on, the school-stage of this child, the learning achievement of this child as well as whether or not the education level of the mother is higher than the education level of this child.Referring to those conclusions this study has got, the article ends with some policy recommendations, such as to improve the education qualities and sense of family education of the rural female labor force who has already given birth, to reduce the cost of their migrance or job-hunting, to enhance the power of the rural education including the pre-school education, and so on.