Effects Of Different Loads Swimming On The Regulatory Proteins And Ultrastructure Of Cardiac And Skeletal Of Rats

Objective To observe the effects of different loads swimming on the regulatory proteins (troponin and tropomyosin) and ultrastructure and mRNA of cardiac and skeletal of rats. Expecting to finding morphological evidence for the study of loads muscle damage.Method Rats were randomly divided into four groups:control group,low loads group, moderate loads group, high loads group.The quadriceps femoris, soleus muscle, left ventricle and right atrium of these rats were cut off after the end of swimming experiment.These specimens were treated respectively with regular procedures of immunohistochemistry, in situ hybridization and electric microscope.The paraffin sections were stained by IHC(Envision Method) and ISH, the distribution were observed under the light microscope and calculated the changes of mean optics density and percentage of stained areas with the image analysis software.The ultrastructure changes were observed under electric microscope.Result (1) Quadriceps femoris:After different intensity loads,The expression of TnT and Tm were decreased with the increase of intensity loads.The expression of TnI mRNA and Tm mRNA were decreased overall,but the degree of reduction were smaller and smaller with the increase of intensity loads.(2) Soleus muscl:After different intensity loads,The expression of TnT was decreased,which compared with control group,with the increase of intensity loads. The expression of Tm and Tm mRNA were decreased overall,but the degree of reduction were smaller and smaller with the increase of intensity loads.The expression of Tnl mRNA was increased.The degree of addition was smaller and smaller with the increase of intensity loads.(3)Left ventricle:After different intensity loads,The expression of TnT and Tm were increased,but the degree of addition were smaller and smaller with the increase of intensity loads. The expression of TnI mRNA was decreased,but the Tm mRNA were increased with the increase of intensity loads.(4) Electron microscopy results:There were different influences on the ultrastructure of different types muscle with different intensity swimming loads.①There were giant mitochondrias which appeared in quadriceps femoris cells.The number of mitochondrial cristaes were decreased, and the arrangement was disordered.The mitochondrial cristae of soleus muscl were arranged regularly.②The Z line and M line appeared thicker, distorted, defected in left ventricle cells, the mitochondrias began to swell,the arrangement of mitochondrial cristaes were disorder.The changes was not obvious in right atrium.Conclusion (1) The expression of TnT and Tm were decreased in skeletal muscle cells with different intensity loads which the greater the intensity loads the more obvious reduction.(2) The expression of TnT and Tm were decreased in left ventricle cells with different intensity loads, which were the greater the intensity loads the smaller of its rising trend.(3) The expression of Tnl mRNA and Tm mRNA were decreased overall in quadriceps femoris cells with different intensity loads,but they were increased in left ventricle cells. The degree of reduction were smaller and smaller with the increase of intensity loads. The expression of Tm mRNA were increased,while the degree of addition was smaller and smaller in Tnl mRNA with the increase of intensity loads.(4) From the morphological point of view,there were some different effects on the regulatory proteins of cardiac and skeletal muscle cells with different intensity loads. The proteins would increased or decreased with the increase of intensity loads.It would be an injury to cardiac and skeletal muscle cells.