Research On The Role Of Grassroots Power In The Development Of Rural Social Security

Since the time of reform and opening-up, Our country’s social security system in rural areas has made a great progress. With the development of Grassroots regime and the villagers self-government, the construction of social security system in rural areas has stepped into a new era. This paper first use the theory of public products to analyze the characters of the allowed public products, then use the theory of collective decision to prove the possibility and necessity of the collective decision in rural social security supply. These two theories are the foundation of the paper. In the second part of the paper, I summed up the effection of the political power at the grass-roots level in rural areas during the period of planned Commune, the period of transformation,the period of villagers self-government, and concluded the historical experiences and lessons. Under the system of planned economy, the commune solved the problems of social assistance, the supporting of the old and the orphan, and the services of cooperation medical in the rural areas through the power of collective economy, which made the commune accumulated lots of success experiences, such as special fund for special use, building supporting objects to nurse people who are supported by the five-guarantee programs, the management of barefoot doctor (uncertificated country doctor) and so on. Certainly, the political power at the grass-roots level exists some problems, such as overemphasizing the equality and neglecting the efficiency, and the security policies are significantly random and temporary.During the period of transformation, the work of rural countries’ committees steadily becomes systematized and standardized, which is an excellent progress.The main problems of rural work in this period are focus on:the floatation of a loan dull, short of funds, weak supervision, the abuse system leaded by path dependence exists.Since 1998, the development of villagers self—government policy brought a good opportunity to develop rural social security system. Villagers self—government policy can drive the rural economy development. The economic base determines the superstructure, the improvement of the farmers’diathesis is good for stabilizing the rural areas, and all above supply a good condition to the development of rural social security. With the development of the villagers self-government, farmers’ rights consciousness is constantly promoted, they can supervise and participate in public affairs vigorously, which protects the democracy and equality of the work. In addition, organizations at the grass-roots level such as villagers committees have the advantage of informations, which can carry out the rural social security positively. Nevertheless, it also brings challenges to the development of rural social security, for lots of work should be done by villagers committees, and being lack of funds makes the work difficult to be done. The experiences from the developed countries showed that, we should take the advantages of the center government’s Income redistribution and local governments’information collection, then give them clear financial power and routine power.what’s more, we should involve the market and all power which can supply the social security. Based on historical and international experience, This paper analysed the reformation of the system of regime and finance on the political power at the grass-roots level, consummation of the two mechanisms of organization at village level, the distribution of each level government and village committee in the social security rule. Then I introduce some advices that can make the political power at the grass-roots level exert the best in the rural social security and promote the rural social security system perfectly.