Research On Distribution Route Optimization Model And Its Algorithm Based On The Cost

Logistics, as the main industry in national economy, plays a very important role ineconomic development. Distribution is an important part of logistics. A fine distributionroute concerns the distribution cost, and then influence the logistics cost. Optimization ofdistribution route is a key part of the whole logistic system. By the optimization ofdistribution route, the enterprises can improve their nucleus competitiveness and achievescientific process of logistics. Since the VRP was put forward, many experts and scholarshave carried out extensive research. It has been many mature algorithm and model thatprovided basis for continuing the question.By describing the Vehicle Routing Optimization Problem (VRP) and its constituentelements, also through analyzing the shortcomings of the VRP models in the past, it’snecessary to re-define and re-constrain the VRP model in this paper, By making somedistribution costs as secondary factor which contain selecting, processing, handling costsand so on, this paper uses fuel costs, personnel costs, other expenses and the total time costto replace the distribution costs, takes full account of vehicle loading conditions, roadconditions, the average speed of vehicles in various sections as well as different timewindow needs of customers, and establishes the VRP model with the lowest cost foroptimization objective.The Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is considered to be an effective means of solvingcombinatorial optimization problems, the problem studied in this paper are combinatorialoptimization problems, so using PSO is effective in solving the VRP model proposed inthis paper. There are two dynamic variables exist in the proposed model, such as vehicledynamic loading and vehicle reach time. According to the characteristics of the VRP model,making a new particle encoding and decoding, designing a formula for vehicle reach time,as well as vehicle dynamic load, are helpful to solve the model and improve the efficiencyof the PSO. There are three factor affect the particle swarm optimization performance,including the inertia weight factor, learning factor, the boundary conditions. On the basis ofin-depth studies of the influencing factors of PSO, Setting the appropriate algorithmparameters and determining a decreasing inertia weight strategy and a boundary strategy, ishelpful to improve the quality of the solution of the PSO.This paper studies the lowest cost VRP model and PSO, and establishes systematicVehicle Routing Optimization theory and method. It provides theory for company selectingthe distribution route which could be applied in practice.The originality of this paper is as follows. 1、Establishing the VRP model with the lowest cost for optimization objective, throughanalysis the distribution costs and transport costs.2、According to the characteristics of the VRP model, make a new particle encoding anddecoding, design a formula for vehicle reach time, as well as vehicle dynamic load.3、On the basis of in-depth studies of the influencing factors of PSO, and select aparabola opening upwards decreasing inertia weight strategy and a random boundarystrategy to improve the performance of the PSO.