Research On Wuhan Multi-center Spatial Structure Based On Employment And Residence

The city is a certain spatial area which has the most dense population, the most intense human activity and the most profound impact of human geography within a certain area on the Earth surface. It is a special space for carrying human economic, social and culture activities, and is the crystallization of human civilization. Since the reform and opening up, the urbanization of China has entered a period of rapid development, the urbanization has played an important role in the increasing of our economic development, urban environment, urban residents’living standard. However, the disorder spread of the city will bring huge losses and waste, the consequents will be that we have to pay a high economic, social and environment costs of the urban sprawl.In order to avoid the disorderly development of the cities, we use the urban planning to predict and guide the development of the city and manage the resources to enable the development of the city into the sustainable development path. In this paper, take Wuhan as an example, based on the employment centers and residential centers to analysis the spatial structure, to reveal the distribution of the employment centers and residential centers in the city of Wuhan, and then to judge the urban spatial structure of Wuhan is a single center or multi-center. Preliminary explore the drive mechanism of Wuhan’s the spatial structure and propose the strategies and the recommendations to conduct the spatial structure of Wuhan into an orderly development.First, according to the sample data of the streets in Wuhan, the paper statistics each street’s employed population and the resident population, and analysis the employment density and resident density of each street. The results show that the employment density and the resident density of Wansong Street, Zhongnan Road Street and Wulidun Street are in the top three. Among them, the highest is the Zhongnan Road Street.Second, according to the criteria of the multi-center structure, judging from the morphology and function, Wuhan is a multi-center structure city. Based on the employment density, resident density and the historic reasons of economic development, judging that the Wansong Street in Hankou is the main center of Wuhan, and is the CBD of it, the Wulidun Street in Hanyang and the Zhongnan Road Street in Wuchang are two sub-centers of Wuhan. From the geographical point of view, the distribution of these three centers just distributed in the three towns of Wuchang, Hankou and Hanyang which in line with Wuhan’s economic and geographical features.Third, according to the analysis of the influencing factors and the drive mechanism of Wuhan’s spatial structure, the paper put forward a series of countermeasures to improve the spatial structure of Wuhan, include using moderate mix functions and balancing the jobs and living status; strengthening the adjustment of urban land use structure and industrial structure; realizing the network development between rural and urban; combining the internal development and the extended development; enhancing the integrated development of urban land use and transportation system to improve the urban traffic. Not only providing the countermeasures and suggestions for the orderly development of Wuhan’s spatial structure, but also providing the references for other cities in the research of urban internal spatial structure and development of the multi-center structure.