The Relationship Between Individual Characteristics Of Employee And Obtain On-the-job Training Opportunities

As an important means of human capital investment, on-the-job training could improve the knowledge and skills of employees effectively, thereby enabling employees to respond to the challenges from technological progress and the changes of labor market and making employees and enterprises maintain competitive advantages in the market. Meanwhile, on-the-job training, to a certain extent, could narrow the differences of human capital which accumulated during the period of school education among employees and plays a unique role in promoting social justice and constructing harmonious society. However, not all employees could obtain on-the-job training in the right quanitiy to meet their development needs. Many factors have an impact on the imbalance of distribution of the On-the-job training opportunities which are provided by enterprises to the different groups of employees. Based on this, this study started from the perspective of capital, explored the relationship between employees’ individual characteristics and their accesses to job training opportunities.With the survey data which are collected from450employees in Shanghai H Enterprise in November2011, the author proposed hypotheses based on the human capital theory, social capital theory and psychological capital theory, and then chose Binary Logistic Regression model and multiplex Linear Regression model, using quantitative methods to analyze the effects of demographic characteristics, human capital, social capital and psychological capital on the employees’ accesses to on-the-job training opportunities.The results indicated that different individual characteristics of employees have different opportunities to receive on-the-job training from enterprises. Human capital, social capital and psychological capital have a significant effect on employees’ opportunities of receiving on-the-job training from enterprises and the main conclusions are as follows:(1)Marital status, political status and household registry have a significant effect on employees to obtain on-the-job training opportunities from enterprises;(2) Education background, previous work experiences, professional technology titles and vocational qualification certificates have a significant effect on employees to obtain on-the-job training opportunities from enterprises;(3)Social capital of employees have a significant effect on employees to obtain on-the-job training opportunities from enterprises;(4) Psychological capital of employees have a significant effect on employees to obtain on-the-job training opportunities from enterprises.The study also found that age, marital status, political affiliation, household register, education background, working tenure in current enterprise, vocational qualification certificate, and social capital of employees have a significant effect on the duration for employees to participate in on-the-job training which are supplied by enterprises.This study could merely explain the effects of demographic characteristics, human capital, social capital and psychological capital characteristics of employees on receiving the on-the-job training opportunities, and it is necessary to do further research to explain the impacts of enterprise’s characteristic and labor relationships on receiving the on-the-job training opportunities in the future. The number of samples and the corporate feature, to a certain degree, restricted the spread of the results of this study.