Research On The Farmer’s Intention And Behavior Of Joining New Rural Pension Insurance

With the acceleration of the process of urbanization and population migration, the degree of rural population aging in China increases continuously. As the economy is weak and the social security system is not perfect, Chinese rural areas face growing endowment pressure. On September42009, the State Council issued "guidance on the pilot project of new rural social endowment insurance", the corresponding project was officially launched. Since it started in Hubei Province in October2009, the progress went smoothly, but the author found that in fact some farmers did not participate in the new rural endowment insurance or voluntarily join it for various reasons. It is necessary to study the farmers’ desire and behavior in the new rural endowment insurance. Recently, the new rural endowment insurance system and its implementation have aroused great attention from academia. Certain results in new rural insurance are achieved after many scholars discuss its system design, management mode and pilot effectiveness from economics, law and sociology perspectives. The author expects to analyze farmers’ mental processes, action and study the relationship between their desire and behavior in participation in the new rural insurance from the farmers’ point of view, enriching the corresponding researches as well as providing suggestions for the practice of the insurance project.In this paper, desire and behavior of local farmers are analyzed and described with different features, discussed the relationship between them and divided ideal category of farmers’ action in participation in the new rural insurance using the combined quantitative and qualitative method according to social action and hierarchical needs theory in the survey of farmers who live in Konglong town, Huangmei Huanggang of Hubei province. The conclusions can be obtained by investigation and analysis as following:First, the local farmers have positive will to participate in the new rural insurance. There is no significant difference in the will for different farmers with different features, but there has difference to a certain extent for the farmers with different family circumstances. From the behavior aspect, the insurance rate of the local investigated is lower comparing with average values in the whole province and the country. There is difference in the behavior to participate in the new rural insurance for the farmers with different features.Second, the structural factors such as institutional design, traditional cultural values, neighbor behavior and the implementation status of pilot project significantly affect the desire of farmer to participate in the new rural insurance, while the subjective factors such as pension awareness, realization of new rural insurance system and the trust to the policy affect the behavior of farmers to participate in the new rural insurance.Third, the farmers’ desire and behavior to participate in the new rural insurance are consistent on the whole. However, there also has differences between them. There are two kinds of situations:one hand, some have willingness but without action to participate in, mainly influenced by age, family economy and policy awareness; on the other hand, some have action but no willingness. According to the relationship between desire and behavior, the farmers’ behaviors are divided into four categories:the active participation, negative evasion, active observation and passive participation.There are three innovative points in the paper. First, it is studied how to give full play to new rural insurance from the relationship between farmers’ desire and behavior in a micro level. Second, it is proposed to divide the ideal categories of behaviors. Third, combine qualitative and quantitative methods to analyze and to some degrees reflect the farmers’ desire and behavior to participate in the new rural insurance.However, certain shortages also exist in this paper, mainly including the limited investigated scope, questionnaires and single methods. It is necessary to study the issue more deeply in a wide scope.