| With China’s accession to the world trade organization and the government’s commitment in the financial sector gradually to perform and the domestic financial market opening degree continuously increased and more foreign capital bank controlling China’s financial market, competition is becoming increasingly fierce and domestic commercial Banks face unprecedented challenges. For this, our country commercial bank should improve its management system and the management level, and enhance their core competitiveness.In the management of the bank, performance evaluation is essential, but our country commercial bank performance evaluation system has many defects. They pay attention to the traditional financial indicators, and belittled financial success driving factors, such as:the customer, learning, internal process, etc. The balanced scorecard makes up for the defect of traditional financial indicators. It can not only help Banks clear their strategic objectives, but also help to guide and maintain daily business activities of the bank with the strategic goals of the consistency. The balanced scorecard takes both the financial and non-financial factors into account. It reflects the unity of the long-term interests and short-term interests and achieves overall evaluation of the performance of the bank. Therefore, establishing our country commercial bank of the performance evaluation of the balanced scorecard system not only can make up the defects of past performance evaluation, and improve the quality of performance management, we can use the thought of balanced score card to the bank of the ideological penetration in business management to ensure the overall system to look at the long internal and external environment, and perfect the relevant system, and maintain its competitiveness and competitive advantage.In this paper the train of thought is from theory to practice:First, the paper studies the related theory of the balanced scorecard and commercial bank performance evaluation and analyses the characteristics of the balanced scorecard model, four dimensions of the connotation and causal relationship between dimensions. Analysis thinks:the balanced scorecard can plan as a whole to the specific strategies and the overall strategic target and truly balances financial and non-financial, internal and external, short and long term, lead and lag four aspects. In addition, this paper studied the performance evaluation model in the existing financial institutions. According to the different division standard, the paper classifies the commercial bank performance evaluation, and sums up four kind of performance evaluation method. They are on financial index as the core, based on different evaluation body, based on the efficiency evaluation, based on the balanced scorecard.Secondly, based on the above two parts theory, this paper further analyses and studies the common problems of the performance evaluation system of commercial Banks in China. They lack of unified performance evaluation system. Performance evaluation is not on feet, but just a form now. Performance evaluation index is not comprehensive. Risk management is not enough, and it can not closely contact with the general strategy of bank. They pay attention to the results management and lack of incentive rewards and punishments measures which are contacted with performance evaluation results. The causes for those problems are the defect of the property right structure, incomplete information system, the problems of cadres management system and disadvantages of corporate governance structure.Third, in view of the defects of the performance evaluation system of the business bank in our country, combining the characteristics of the commercial Banks in China and the balanced scorecard theory, the paper expands the original balanced scorecard model——add the risk management dimensions into the original four dimensions, and according to the developed balanced scorecard model, construct a performance evaluation system which is suited for commercial Banks in China at the present stage. In the implementation of the evaluation system, in order to make evaluation index comparable, use standardized methods indexes dimensionless processing. In order to ensure the accuracy of the index weight is adopted in this paper. This paper has used AHP and the Delphi method to weigh the index, and has used the9scales of AHP to design the AHP expert-questionnaire which improved the Delphi expert questionnaire. In order to get the whole performance scores of commercial Banks, this paper use a simple linear weighted average method to synthesize the index.Then, with the case of commercial bank specific deduce the performance evaluation system construction and performance evaluation process, to verify the evaluation method and evaluation system in this paper is feasible and efficient.Finally, this paper summarizes the main work that this article has done:1) expanded the original balance scorecard dimensions, and used for commercial bank performance evaluation system construction. According to our country commercial bank’s strategic goal characteristics, the original of the development dimension of the balanced scorecard become five dimensions. The risk management dimension is added to the original dimensions, and so a set of performance evaluation system of commercial Banks has been constructed.2) enriched the Z bank original performance evaluation system. In this paper, according to the characteristics of China’s commercial Banks and Z’s place in the realistic environment, the design of the previous balanced scorecard system has been made some changes, so this paper has certain practical significance.3) improved the weight of the set experts questionnaire investigation method, and made it more reasonable and intuitive. In determining the weight, designed expert-questionnaire based on AHP, and successfully used the questionnaire to collect data. Through the scientific method for the calculation, we got more reasonable index weight.4) practiced the performance evaluation system of commercial Banks. This paper used the balance system constructed to Z bank’s performance evaluation. But also this paper proved that the balanced scorecard can combine the strategic goal of the bank and its performance evaluation. In part, this paper showed that the balanced scorecard has the feasibility and effectiveness. But because of the restrictions in condition, this paper also has some deficiencies:1)In a comprehensive performance evaluation, there is no theory support for assuming each evaluation index of a linear relationship.2) The selection of dimensionless index method in a great extent influenced by the sample size, the greater the sample size, the evaluation result is accurate. When we do the performance evaluation for Z Bank, because the data is hard to get, this paper available sample quantity is limited. So the score of each index will be influenced, and then the ultimate results are influenced.3) The balanced scorecard system application and implementation is a long time, correlated, time-consuming, money and technology support needed system engineering. So this paper is not applied in the system of commercial Banks. Then, based on the above main work and the deficiency, the paper puts forward the following suggestions for application of the balanced scorecard in the business bank of our country.1) They should appropriately enrich the traditional theory of the balanced scorecard and make it more reasonable;2)The balanced scorecard only can play the effect when combined with scientific and reasonable method;3) Form the "software"(structure) to "hardware"(bank staff) to be prepared, build good implementation of the environment for the balanced scorecard;4) Process should be gradual, not overnight;5)Train professional team for the balanced scorecard and guarantee the balanced scorecard efficiency.The main innovation point of this paper are:1) The way to select the performance evaluation key indicators of commercial Banks is:First analyses experts and scholars on the selection of evaluation indexes, and according to the same index selection of the number of how many experts, to each index from big to small sorting. Then use a questionnaire to collect the data. Then use statistical software to analyses the33indexes. Finally, compare the choice of the experts and scholars with the statistical analysis to get the key indicators of performance evaluation.2) In determining the weight, this paper designed the expert-questionnaire based on AHP. Successful use the questionnaire to collect data. And got the reasonable index weight through the scientific method for the calculation.3) Based on previous studies, the traditional four dimensions of the balanced scorecard be developed to five dimensions. And it is applied to the construction of the performance evaluation system in the modern commercial bank. Commercial bank itself is a collection of risk. From the previous financial crisis and financial market, risk management should be the key point in commercial Banks’ operation and management from now on. Although the risk-management can be incorporated into the internal process dimension. But in order to highlight its importance and necessity and facilitate the evaluation of management of the managers, this paper has made the risk dimensions as an independent dimension. So the traditional balanced scorecard expanded to finance, customer, learning and growth, internal process, risk management, then build a commercial bank balance scorecard evaluation system. |
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