The Government Behavior Research In Chinese Rural Microfinance Project

China’s financial system is filled with the government leading behavior, rural microfinance is no exception. China’s microfinance firstly appeared in1993, initial development belt has the poverty relief properties, although our country microfinance development course shorter, but just ten years of time also has obtained some achievements. This paper mainly analyses the development situation of peasant household microfinance comprehensive analysis, the government behavior in the roles. With the continuous development of rural microfinance and promotion, from the initial " Poverty alleviation properties gradually to "public welfare" and "commercialization" changes:A series of government "absence,""offside" system and institutional problems exposed gradually. Rural microcredit is a special kind of financial services, it is not completely government behavior, and is not entirely market action, but need both perfect combination, can realize the rural microfinance health and sustainable development.Our financial system is the predominant, rural microfinance line is no exception. China’s microfmance first appeared in1993with the character of helping the poor. Although our country’s microfinance has a short development course, has obtained some achievements in the past years. This paper mainly analyses the microfinance development situation, then to study the government’s role. In the early time, rural microfinance is inseparable with the government poverty alleviation. The government has the leading role. With the development of the rural microfinance, it has transferring to commercialization. A lot of system and institutional problems exposed gradually. Rural microcredit is a special kind of financial service, not all government behavior or all market behavior. A combination of both only can promote the development of the rural microfinance.Through references relevant literature and books, the paper summarizes the problems in playing the role. As the innovator, government is the maker of system, standard and policies. The government’s regulation and service function have been more highlighted. Firstly, the government should continue to improve the regulatory functions; secondly, government should improve credit environment. The author finds the problems in this aspect, and analyses the reasons, then put forward the countermeasures and proposals. The paper has six parts.The first part:introduction. This paper introduced the research background and meaning, clear the thesis framework and research methods.The second part:expounds the basic concepts and theoretical basis, especially the definition of rural microcredit. The theoretical basis is mainly the service-oriented government and government control theory.The third part:introduce our country rural microfinance development situation and existing problems. At present, many rural microcredit projects have been carrying out, it is conducting the system. The organization form is gradually to diversify, and coverage more and more areas. Farmer’s lending practices changes differently, have different fund needs, influence the development of rural microfinance.The author analyses the problems about the Lending both. The organization of rural microcredit can’t meet the need of market; there is deficiency in surprising the rural microcredit organization; system mechanism is yet to be established: institutions have no enthusiasm; the workers aren’t competent. From the perspective of farmers, the fund need is small and have different need; efficient agriculture have great risk, credit foundation is weak. All the problems are bad to the development of rural microcredit.The fourth part:study the government’s role in developing the rural microcredit. Combined with the content of the third part, summarized the behaviors of governments. Now governments have made some related laws to support the development of rural microcredit. The government intervenes into this course to overcome the problem of information asymmetry. The supporting of policy and fund is good to new rural construction. But we must deal with the problems. This part is to analyses the problems:first, the rights and responsibilities of policy banks are not clear; second, commercial banks are not active; the supervision is lag; the excessive intervention has distorted the market competition. The fifth part:analyses the cases from the domestic and foreign. The foreign cases come from Bengal; the domestic cases include "Shangluo model" and "Pingyao model". Through analyzing these cases, we accumulated experiences.The sixth part:put forward proposals for the development of the rural microcredit. For rural microfinance organizations, government gives lots of preferential policies, cultivate the market environment; strengthening the supervision; perfect the laws; explicit the state of the rural microcredit; in the other hand, establish compensatory mechanism; at last, government should provide trainings to improve the "reimbursement intend" and "reimbursement ability"The characters of this article are as follows:the first, in recent years, rural microcredit develops fast in China, this subject is valuable; the second, no many papers mention the government’s role:the third, the author have the experiences practicing in microcredit company, so, I choose this subject to study, trying to obtain the related data and discover problems.