Research On Change Of Land Use And Landscape Pattern In Merged Region Of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Area

During the process of urbanization, there are many problems of population, resources and environmentarising which are becoming more and more serious recently. Sequent, the urban land use, landscape patternanalysis and sustainable utilization of land have become the recent focus of global change studies.It was studied that the change of quantity and type of land use in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan area(MRCZX) between1991and2000,2000and2008by interpretation analyzing on remote sensing data aswell as using technology and RS and GIS, in order to find rules of land use changing. In addition, under theguidance of landscape ecology, a series of landscape indexes were chosen to analyze on patchcharacteristics, landscape type diversity and landscape space by using Fragstats and ArcGIS software. Thispaper devotes to find out the change rules of landscape pattern in MRCZX. Meanwhile, the influencescausing by social factor, population factor and policy factor on local landscape pattern was explored byusing a combination of qualitative approach and quantitative approach according the local social economicdata based on the results mentioned above. Then, some advices were proposed on how landscape patternshould be explored for a sustainable development by considering the reality.The result shows:(1)The main land use patterns are cultivated land, forest land and construction land inChangsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Merged zone on1991,2000,2008. The lists in descending order of all kinds ofland use area are same, which is cultivated land, forest land, construction land, water area, grass and unusedland.(2)From1991to2008in Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Merged zone cultivated land, forest land, water areaand unused land were decreasing, while construction land and grass land were increasing. Especially,cultivated land had been reducing instantly and grass land and construction land had been increasing, andforest land, water area and unused land increased former and decreased latter.(3)There are unused land, construction land, cultivated land, grass land, water area and forest land in thedescending order of change rate from1991to2008. As mentioned above, the largest changed patterns areunused land and construction land, and then cultivated land and grass land. During the17years, cultivatedland area decreased much but the change rate is low due to the big cardinal number, however, unused landarea were not changed apparently but performed a remarkable change rate mostly because of the littlecardinal number. Research on the same type of land use,from2000to2008rate of change faster than1991to2000.(4) The change characters during different time of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Merged zone shows:cultivated land decreased but the other patterns increased more or less from1991to2000, especially, construction land increased much more; Grass land and construction land area increased but cultivated land,forest land, water area, unused land decreased more or less from2000to2008. The reduced part ofcultivated land mostly was changed into forest land and construction land, and the increased part ofconstruction land mostly come from cultivated land and forest land.(5)It is shown from the patch characteristics index that the most patches was forest land appeared in1991,2000,2008, with amount of437,435,408; and the second most is cultivated land, with222,221,208; andthen construction land, with amount of patches as150,171, and190. The total patches of the area in1991,2000,2008count916,933,878, first increased and the decreased.(6) As to landscape diversity, the studied regional landscape type shows a multi-polarity trend, with morecomplicated structure. Meanwhile, the distribution of all kinds of landscape is becoming balanced, and thedominant type is decreasing.(7)As to spatial structure of landscape, the fragmentation of cultivated landscape is increasing; howeverwater area’s is decreasing year by year, and construction land’ fragmentation increased first and decreasedlater.(8)Landscape patter of Changsha-Zhuzhou-Xiangtan Merged zone is affected by natural factors but muchmore depend on policy factor, socio-economic factor and population factor. In other word, social factors arethe main reasons to landscape patter change.(9)Some advices are proposed that scrupulously abide by the red line of cultivated land and keep the landresource safety; strengthen the land planning and management and make more rational allocation; dig uppotential inside the land resource and stick by high-efficient and intensive principles; improve landecological comprehensively and make a sustainable development.