Comparison Of Biofuel Development Between China And US Under The Constraint Of Food Security

Since the outbreak of the oil crisis in1970s, countries are committed to the development of new energy to replace fossil fuels, to achieve energy independence. In2001, the United States and Brazil, as representatives of the western countries began to vigorously promote the biofuel development plan. Since then, biofuel industry entered into the development boom. China began to produce biofuel in2002,and has set up Jilin ethanol fuel LLC, Henan TianGuan group, AnHui FengYuan biochemistry LLC, and Heilongjiang HuaRun ethanol Co.LTD, which are enterprises producing biofuel by consuming the aged grain. But with the rapid development of biofuel, world food consumption, especially corn consumption increased dramatically, a serious threat to food safety. The decline of corn supply has increased the international price of corn, thus causing severe shocks to international agricultural product market. For many less developed countries, the development of biofuel has threatened the living of impoverished people and food security. Soon, the influence of biofuel development on grain security caused the attention of all parties, supporters and opponents have a fierce debate, but as a result of biofuel can ease the energy crisis, and can have no environmental pollution, it also has the advantages of wide raw material sources, simple production technology, increasing farmer income, high product value, therefore, biofuel production exists, but the transition and extension more to non-grain crops ethanol and cellulosic ethanol is going on.By selecting China and US as the typical research object, based on the sum of the advantages and disadvantages, this paper makes comparison the present situation, development condition and the role of government in solving resource problems between the two countries. According to different situations in the two countries, this paper put forward China’s developmental way based on the experiences of US. The first part of the article puts forward the development of biofuels, and summarized the analytical framework, the second part and the third part respectively introduce biofuels industry of the United States and China, and under the framework of food security constraint, analyzes the international externality of the development of ethanol in US and the influence of China’s biofuel development transmitted from oil market to of agricultural product market. The fourth part is comparison between China and US. The fifth part is about suggestions on the development of biofuel to get rid of food constraint. The last part is a conclusion.