| China is a populous country, food security is not only the basic sound and rapid development of the national economy but also an important guarantee for the promotion of social stability and harmony, and is the basis of the strategy to ensure national security. With the speed up of China’s industrialization, urbanization process, and the reduction of arable land, water resources, the development of agriculture has been resource constraints into the dual constraints of resources and markets, and the structure of agricultural production is unreasonable, limiting the total factor productivity improvement, it is also difficult to adapt to the needs of the development of the modern market economy. According to these objective conditions, Whether China can continue to improve the total factor productivity of agriculture, keep the food supply and demand balance; in the case of improving the total factor productivity and ensuring food security, how to achieve a balanced development of the food crops, cash crops.According to the theory of stochastic frontier production function proposed by Battese and Coelli (1992), Agricultural TFP growth is broken down into three parts base on translog function:Frontier Technology Progress (FTP), Technical Efficiency Change(TEC) and Scale Return Change Rate (SRC).The paper has been carried out depthly analysis about food crops and economic crops, such as TFP growth characteristics, sources of TFP growth, frontier technology progress, technical efficiency and technical efficiency changes, element of the modulus of elasticity and returns to scale. On the basis of ensuring food security, change the irrational structure of production in farming, actively promote diversified operations, vigorously develop good quality and economic efficiency of economic crops.The empirical results:The TFP growth of food and economic crops the most fast developing is eastern region. TFP growth of food crops lagged behind the economic crops, and frontier technology progress of food crops is always lower than economic crops, but the loss of technical efficiency of economic crops is more serious than food crops in provinces. Technological progress has become the source of the continued growth of China’s agricultural TFP, food crop is showing the simultaneous growth of technology progress and technical efficiency, but the economic crops showed deviates from technology progress and technical efficiency. Land and fertilizer are important input factors for agricultural; but the role of land for grain production is declining, for economic crops is increasing.According to the above empirical analysis to put forward policy proposals for the restructuring of agricultural production. The TFP of agricultural improve the potential power is regional production and improve and enhance technology efficiency. On the basis of ensuring food security, by adjusting the proportion of crops to promote the development of economic crops and other crops. Adjust the regional distribution of food crops unreasonable; the development of secondary food crop producing areas of productivity, improve the technical efficiency, strengthen infrastructure construction; Perfect synchronization of technological progress and technical efficiency of economic crops. Appropriate reduction in inputs of labor and the number of agricultural machinery. Finally, adjust the structure of agricultural production, to promote the development of economic crops scaleThe innovation of this article:first, we use translog function mode of stochastic frontier production function to study the TFP growth of food and economic crops, the estimated results are consistent with the actual situation of the agricultural production in China. Second, in previous studies, agriculture as a whole to be research, but this article, we make comparative analysis of food and economic crops. Finally, according to the analysis of TFP growth, we put forward policy proposals for the restructuring of agricultural production, achieve a combination of theory and practice. |
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