The Research Of The Impact Of Westernization Movement On Chinese Modern Science And Technology

Ancient Chinese civilization has a long history of science and technology. ModernChinese encounter after western learning introduced into China, the feudal social inherentideology changes. Especially the western powers invading later, China was forced to begin tosave the nation from extinction self-help reform. The Qing government authorities carryingout the westernization movement at the beginning of the1860s, the purpose is to reinforce thefeudal autocratic rule, based on the realization of “self-reliance” and “seek wealth”. Therefore,"Chinese-style westernization" as the guiding ideology has adopted a series of measures toreform-initiate national military technology heavy industry and civil industry and technicalpersonnel training, these fields have reached outstanding achievements. Especially theestablishment of modern westernization schools and students cultivation provided a strongknowledge and personnel security to modern science and technology. In the forced to launchthe “westernization”, China began to contact with the western modern science and promotethe rise of modernization. Westernization movement for China’s science and technologydevelopment, it is an important foundation stone laying period, it is the most importantChinese milestone in the history, greatly promoted the development of science and technologyof China. After the westernization movement, China in the late Qing dynasty gradually fromthe closed situation to accept foreign advanced science and technology.This article is based on “the western learning introduced into China”, mainly makinganalyses of the reason why Ming and Qing dynasties era large-scale modern science wasintroduced into China but not got fast development. Focus on introducing the process ofwesternization movement, with the “learn the skills from westerner in order to defeat thewesterners” thought as the guide, has reflected in every field of advanced western science.This article discusses the influence of westernization movement on modern Chinadevelopment of science and technology. Compared to Japan’s reform movement, it hasconcluded the differences between “Chinese-style” and “Japanese spirit”. In the last part ofthe conclusion, the author objectively evaluates the important role which westernizationmovement played in the process of China modernization. Although Westernization movementfailed, it is a meaningful attempt in the modern and contemporary history of China.