| Rose(Rosa rugosa) is one of the most famous flowers and it is planted widely in the world. In processing area, rose is mainly used for extraction of essential oil. However, the essential oil content of rose is very low, and the other natural resources of rose are also unable to be used. It’s necessary to find a new method that could extract oil from rose with high extraction rate and no residual organic solvents, at the same time, other compositions of rose are protected. The main conclusions of this paper were as follows:A method utilizing supercritical CO2fluid extraction (SFE-CO2) technology to extract rose essential oil was described. The material was dried by vacuum freeze drying12hours. The optimum technological conditions were obtained by single-factor and response surface experiments, and parameters that affect extraction rate, such as rose granularity, extraction pressure, time, temperature and supercritical CO2flow were investigated. The significant factors that influenced the oil extraction rate were extraction temperature and extraction pressure. The highest extraction rate1.29%was achieved in the optimum extraction conditions with40mesh at15L/h CO2flow in the pressure of21MPa for90min at41℃.45compositions had been extensively determined in rose essential oil by SFE-CO2method on the basis of gas chromatograph-mass spectrometer detection methods. There were many terpene compounds in rose essential oils, such as, citronellol, geraniol and linalool, which are primary volatile compositions of rose essential oils. The percentage contents of major volatile compositions were as follow:citronellol,22.55%; geraniol;6.06%, eugenol methyl ether,3.64%; citronellyl acetate,2.51%; farnesene,1.80%; eugenol,1.02%; phenethyl alcohol,0.46%. The rose essential oil by SFE-CO2method with the color of slight yellow to brown, rose fragrance and good qulity.The ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) being used for rose pigment extraction from rose residue after being extracted essential oil was investigated. The optimum technological conditions were obtained by single-factor and orthogonal experiments as follow conditions:ethanol solution concentration65%(V/V)(pH=1), the ratio of material to solvent1:20, ultrasonic power400W, the temperature70℃and the extraction time120min. Under these conditions, the maximum OD value of the pigment was obtained.The amino acid composition and content of rose and the residue were determined, basically the same. The dietary fiber content of the residue was determined by Prosky-AOAC method. The insoluble dietary fiber (IDF) content is32.9%, the soluble dietary fiber (SDF) content is3.0%.The rose residue was added into materials to make rose dietary fiber biscuit. The product was determined by texture analyzer with TPA analysis. The sensory properties of the biscuit were acceptable. |
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