Studies On Key Production Technology And Its Quality Characteristics Of Cigar-wrapper Tobacco Of Shifang

In2011-2012， field trials of cigar wrapper tobaccos were conducted inShifang， Sichuan to study the changing regularities of main chemical components incigar wrapper leaves during the maturation and modulation process， compare theconventional ingredients and main chemical components in various kinds of cigars athome and abroad， and get the following results:1Effects of different planting density of Cigar Wrapper Tobacco QualityWith the increase of planting density, plant height, stem circumference, leaflength and width are less. Tobacco production is obviously improved with theincrease of planting density, but superior tobacco and the percentage of superiortobacco and the production did not follow this rule, in the superior tobacco highestpercentage and output value to T3treatment, and other processing reached significantlevel, the highest proportion of superior tobacco to T6treatment. Chemicalcomposition change is closely related to plant the size of the smoke density, totalnitrogen and nicotine content along with the increase of planting density and adownward trend, while the total sugar, reducing sugar content increased with densityincreasing, above all, by comparing the different density under the growth conditionof tobacco plant, production output and main chemical composition, modulated GH-1in shifang is suitable the density of140x60cm, namely23820plants per hectare.2. Influence of N fertilizer level on Yield and quality of eggplant clothing cigarand economic benefitWith increasing amount of nitrogen， tobacco production has increased， but theeconomic benefits of increased trend toward fewer， When the nitrogen rate reached15kg/667m~2， flue-cured tobacco quality， most cost-effective， were significantlybetter than the other nitrogen levels. Different Nitrogen Levels on the chemical composition of tobacco， with the amount of nitrogen to increase water-solublesugar， nicotine， total nitrogen and potassium content increases， the total sugar andreducing sugar content along with the increase of the amount of nitrogen fertilizer andreduced， indicating that the increase in the amount of nitrogen fertilizer is conduciveto the accumulation of nitrogen-containing compound， and not conducive to theaccumulation of carbon-containing chemicals. The comprehensive yield， economicbenefit and chemical quality of tobacco leaf of each factor， to apply15Kg/667m~2pure nitrogen for optimal nitrogen application amount.3. Changing regularities of main chemical components in cigar wrapper tobaccoleaves during the maturation and modulation process:After topping along with the leaves’ maturity， the content of nicotinesignificantly increases in the first21days， whereas total nitrogen contentsignificantly increases in the first10days and then slowly decreases. From topping tillmaturity， the ratio of total nitrogen and nicotine has been declining， especially inthe first21days after topping. The content of total sugar and reduced sugar isobviously increasing in the early phase of maturation and slightly decreases in thelater phase. The content of calcium and magnesium increases during the maturationprocess， while potassium shows the opposite tendency. Harvesting optimum maturetobacco leaves can ensure the right proportion of their inner components. Harvestingtoo early or too late will affect the quality of tobacco leaves.The content of nicotine significantly increases in the early phase of modulationand gradually decreases21days later. The total nitrogen content decreases in thewhole process. Along with the curing process， the ratio of total nitrogen and nicotinechanged from being proportionate in the early modulation period to disproportionatein the later period. Reducing sugar sharply decreases from the outset and has noobvious change later. The content of potassium and magnesium decreases in thebeginning and slightly increases in the later phase， while calcium does the reverse.The biggest variation tendency appears in the first21days of the curing process. Itshows that the first21days are more important and28days later various indicators remain stable. Therefore， appropriate warm and moist environment in the first21days of modulation is essential to improve the quality of tobacco leaves.4. Comparison on physical property and main chemical components amongdifferent cigar wrapper tobaccos at home and abroad:(1) Viewing from the physical and chemical properties， except for thickness ofleaves，other indicators of varieties Shifang1，Shifang2are all close to overseashigh-quality cigars. On chemical components，the nicotine and chlorine content indomestic cigars are much higher than that in foreign high-quality ones， making theratio of nitrogen to nicotine and potassium to chlorine seriously out of proportion.(2)Viewing from the content of aroma components， the contents of phenylalanine，non-enzymatic compounds， and Cembratrien did alkyl degrading products indomestic cigars are close to those in foreign high-quality cigars， with the content ofneophytadiene higher and the content of plastid pigment lower.(3) On penal test，except for their miscellaneous soil gases， other indicators of varieties Shifang1andShifang2are close to those of foreign fine varieties.(4) By way of grey correlationanalysis，variety Yinni3is the closest to test varieties，and among domestic varietiesHainan1is the closest whereas Hainan3has the smallest correlation with test varieties.This result is consistent with the above results based on individual indicator analyses.In conclusion，varieties Shifang1and Shifang2are suitable for being planted inShifang， Sichuan; however，compared with foreign fine cigars，they still havedeficiencies to improve.