The Preparation Of Metal Nanocomposite Materials And Their Application In Electrocatalytic Performance

Scientists predict that the fossil fuels will be exhausted by around2030.Therefore, changing the energy structure and finding new energy sources hasbecome a major scientific problem of all mankind. The fuel cell as a electricityplant directly change chemical energy into electrical energy with high energyefficiency, fuel diversity, flexible, less environmental pollution, etc, so manyscientists believe that fuel cell energy will represent a pivotal position in theenergy field in the21st century, so in order to master the fourth generation ofpower generation technology, research and development of fuel cell has across-century significance. The fuel cell using hydrogen, methane, methanol,formic acid, etc. as fuel change chemical energy into electrical energy, and themain product is water, so the fuel cell belongs to pollution-free green energy.However, the degree of commercialization of fuel cell has not been very high,one of the reason is that the cost from platinum is too high. How to improvethe utilization of platinum is one of the key factors. In addition, the catalystsupport has a decisive influence on the efficiency of the catalyst. In recentyears, having a high surface area, low resistance and high stabili ty of thepolymer conductive polymers have been widely studied as a fuel cell catalystcarrier. At the moment what has been widely studied as a fuel cell catalystcarrier is a heterocyclic-conjugated conductive polymer, such as polyaniline,polythiophene and polypyrrole and their derivatives.This article was prepared by electrochemic al method of conductingpolymer/precious metals compound catalyst. A series of characterization of thecomposite catalyst have been done by SEM, EDX and electrochemicalmethods, meanwhile, we explore the composite catalyst performanceelectrocatalytic oxidation of small organic molecules such as methanol,formaldehyde.(1)The surface of the platinum electrode synthesized poly-(o-methox yaniline)-multiwalled carbon nanotube film by cyclic voltammetryand constant potential method has been deposited platinum nanoparticles onthe membrane, and finally Pt-modified poly(o-methox yaniline)-multiwalledcarbon nanotube composite membrane electrode has been made. Themorphology of the composite membranes were characterized by SEM,investigated composite membrane electrode of the performance on the electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol and formaldehyde by cyclicvoltammetry.(2)By electrochemical methods we successfully prepared poly-(o-methox yaniline)-multiwalled carbon nanotube composite film modifiedplatinum and the characterization of the composite catalyst have been done bySEM and EDX. In addition, by the addition of Au, we explore different pointsof the bimetallic catalysts with si ngle metal catalyst on the catalytic propertiesof small organic molecules. Electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol andformaldehyde results and Amperomet ric analysis results show that thePt-Au/POMAN-MCNTs (t1=1s) electrode has better electrocatal ytic oxidationactivity and the antitoxic ability than the Pt-Au/POMAN-MCNTs (CV)electrode, thus description of the type of the method of deposition of metalparticles be prepared by the catalytic effect of the catalyst to produce a directand important impact.(3)Using cyclic voltammetry we prepared a series of platinum andplatinum-ruthenium/polyaniline/poly(o-methoxyaniline) electrode in acidicaqueous solution.The surface of the electrodes were characterized by scanningelectron microscopy. By cyclic voltammetr y and chronoamperometry we studythe prepared electrode catalytic effect of formic acid and catalytic mechanism.From the experimental result s, we know that the addition of Ru changed thecatalytic mechanism and ultimately improved the catalytic effect of formicacid, and therefore platinum-ruthenium/polyaniline/poly(o-methox yaniline)electrode will open up a new path for the development of DFAFC.