The Extraction Of Trichosanthes Kirilowii Maxim, Seed Oil And The Enrichment And Encapsulation Of Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid

The dry seed of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim was taken as raw material to study itsnutrient contents and the extraction process of the seed oil. We also study at the technologyof purification of unsaturated fatty acids by urea, and the microencapsulation of theunsaturated fatty acids. The main purpose of the study is to broaden the application rangeof Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. and to provide a theoretical and experimentalfoundation for the processing and further application of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim..1. The nutrients of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. dry seed were determined, theresults showed that the water, ash, crude fat, crude fiber, crude protein and total sugarwere5.83%、2.21%、35.14%、20.04%、22.06%and14.27%.2.The comparison of different esterification methods on fatty acids of Trichosantheskirilowii Maxim. seed oil were made, the contents of fatty acids were analysis by GCMSand the basic indicator of oil were determined. The results showed that,12kinds of fattyacids were identified by alkali-catalyzed esterification method,4of them were saturatedfatty acid, the main contents were palmic acid and octadecanoic acid;the yield of totalunsaturated fatty acid is91.77%,and the main contents were linoleic acid, punicic acid andoleic acid;4kinds of octadecatrienoic acid were identified and they were punicic acid31.24%,α-eleostearic acid3.33%, catalpa acid1.23%and α-linolenic acid0.38%; the acidvalue was0.51mg KOH/g, the iodine value was133.98g I2/100g and the saponificationvalue was191.43g KOH/100g.3.Optimization of oil extraction from Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed byresponse surface analysis were made. The results showed when the ultrasonic time,temperature, wave and the solid-liquid ratio were60min,60℃,150w and1:10respectively,the highest yield of oil was38.15%.4.The polyunsaturated fatty acid of the Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim. seed oil wereenrichment by urea. The procedure were optimized by orthogonal experiments on yield and purityat the basic of four parameters. The result showed that, the best combination conditions of enrichmentof PUFA were fatty acid: urea1:2, methanol: urea7:1and temperature10℃, the yield was40.92%and the purity was88.68%at these conditions. When fatty acid: urea was1:3,methanol: urea was7:1and the temperature was0℃, the yield was36.28%and the puritywas94.72%.5. Using gelatin and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) as multiple wall materials, the microcapsules of PUFA were made via colloid mill encapsulation process and spray dryingmethod. The yield of microcapsules as indicator and the optimization of encapsulation byorthogonal experiments were made. The results showed that, the highest yield was84.6%when β-CD: gelatin7:1, core-wall ratio1:4, the total solid consistency25%and grind6times. The microcapsules we got were oyster white, exquisite, symmetrical, drywell-distributed and without peculiar smell. The oil content was15.4%outside ofmicrocapsules was15.4%and84.6%inside. The ratio of water content was3.80%.Wefound that the microcapsules we got was smooth and without rips,and the diameter wasaveraged out at5～10μm observed by SEM. The photos made by DSC and FT-IR showedthat the microcapsules we got were kinds of inclusion complex with PUFAby β-CD andgelatin. The release rate of PUFA from microcapsules in vitro was over60%in4hours.