Investigation And Assessment Of Ecological Environment In Hunan Province

With the rapid development of economy and society, the ecological conservation and construction had reached the heaviest investment and even the ecological environment had changed significantly in Hunan province during the past five years,from2005to2009. In order to better understand the changes and development trends of the ecological environment, and comprehensively summarise the achievements and experiences from the ecological environment protection work during the five-year period,it is urgent to carry out a research on remote sensing survey and evaluation of the province’s five-year ecological environment changes.The paper quantitatively evaluates the whole province’s ecological environment using methods in the <Technical Criterion for Eco-environmental Status Evaluation>(HJ/T192-2006) provided by the State Environmental Protection Administration. The evaluation indices include:organism abundance index, vegetation cover index, land deterioration index, water network density index, environmental quality index and ecological Environment Index.Through the work of remote sensing image interpretation, field check, data verification, evaluation and analysis, the conclusion about the changes of the province’s ecological environment for five years is that:In2005-2009years, the province’s ecological environmental quality remains stable overall and the ecological environment index variation range is in a minor change,which shows a downward trend on the whole. The main reason is that three ecological environmental evaluation indices including the biological abundance index, vegetation cover index and water network density index, decrease a little because of the rapid urbanization, the reducing coverage area of woodland, grassland and farmland, the declining of annual rainfall and the amount of water resources. Although in recent years, the environment quality index increases due to the pollution reduction work, but the comprehensive index decreases slightly synthesizing all the five evaluation indices.Above all, the grade of the ecological environmental quality of the province represents excellent, vegetation coverage and biodiversity is in good condition and the environment is suitable for human survival.