The Ecological Geographical Division Based On The Ecological Environment And Remote Sensing Data

Ecological geographic zone is a regional system that comparing comprehensively and analysing synthetically the correlativity of the geographic factors of the earth’s surface, according to the surface the geographic distribution rules of nature. Ecological geographic region system. Ecological geographic division can effectively reflect the surface water heat conditions, soil, vegetation and other natural elements of spatial distribution, and provide scientific basis for ecological environment protection. At the same time, ecological geographic division can improve the accuracy and efficiency of classification of remote sensing data, which provides basic data for global change research and the development of earth system model. This article took advantage of the data of climate, soil, elevation, and vegetation remote sensing data to divise ecological and geographical zones on a global scale based on the powerful data analysis function of geographic information system and ecological communities thought,. Based on the canonical correspondence analysis (CCA), it established the index system of ecological geographical partition, and put forward partition scheme, and then finishend the ecological geographic division on a global scale, at last, compared the results of regional division results of China with physical geographic regionalization and evaluated the rationality of the results. This paper will provides the basis data for remote sensing mapping for global surface, and provide a reference value for ecological geographic division research. This article selected many data, such as annual average temperature, maximum temperature and minimum temperatures, the most value of temperature difference, accumulated temperature which is equal or greater than0℃and10℃, the average annual precipitation, potential evaporation, evaporation, evaporation, potential evapotranspiration, wet, dry, warm index, coefficient of heat, coefficient of warm and cold, dry degree coefficient, the biotemperature, the drought index, elevation, land cover, soil and vegetation index data,such as Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), Net Primary Productivity(NPP), Leaf Area Index(LAI). Use these data to take CCA analysis nad get the main indexes of the study area. They were annual average temperature, annual average precipitation, dryness and wetness index, coefficient of heat and dryness coefficient, biotemperature, accumulated temperature which is equal or greater than0℃and10℃, temperature and precipitation data in January and July. On the basis of this, collect Meteorological sites as samples based on raster data, and extracted attribute values of samples to prceed clustering analysis, and used the k-mean of SPSS, and got the geographical partition boundaries according to the drawing isoline. After correction, it was divided into18sub-regions. One of the characteristics of the geographic division is zonal feature from south to north. There are four big areas herd in northeast of China, it is divided into two partitions at the north China plain and the taihang mountain area separated by Qinling Mountains and Huaihe River. From Yangtze Plain to the tropic of cancer, it was divied into four areas, and four partitions present obvious zonal distribution from south to north. At the south of the tropic of cancer, there are Lingnan hills and plains, Hainan Island and South China Sea Islands, which divied into two parts. Form east to west, it is dry wet dividing line between part5,8,13and part6,12,14. Xinjiang region was divided into two major ecological geographic zones along the tianshan mountains roughly, named the southern and northern xinjiang traditionally. Because of the special terrain, Tibetan Plateau was separated as a ecological geographic regions. In the southern and eastern of Tibetan Plateau region, there was ecotone of many ecological geography zones because of Complex terrain. Separated from the interlaced zone to yunnan-guizhou plateau, because of the difference of terrain, the middle was divided into a geographical division. Influenced by the surface structure of the northeast, it presented half rings of three zones, and the mountainous and hilly terrain partition is obvious different from northeast plain and Inner Mongolia ecological geographic regions. The area from North China plain area to the middle reaches of the Yellow River bounded by the taihang mountain appeared two sub-regions for obvious precipitation and monsoon. It shows that there are four parts are markedly different form the chinese natural geographical divisions. It distributes at northern tianshan mountains in xinjiang area, yunnan-guizhou plateau area, south of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze river plain, hills, basins, sanjiang plain in northeast China. After extracting relevant indexes, we find that the dividing result is more reasonable referring to China’s ecological function districts except the northeast ecotone.Innovation points of this research is the selection of index, not according to the traditional temperature, wet, and then the other indicators, but according to the result of sequence analysis to select suitable index system for the study area. It provides a technique to operation process for ecological geography zoning. Meanwhile, the accuracy of the division results in the global scale needs further improvement due to the data limitations.