Research On The Anti-static Properties Of Embedded Silver-plated Woven Fabrics

The rapid sci-tech development and the emergence of various electronic products facilitatepeople’s life, nevertheless, which generate a lot of negative problems at the meanwhile. Forinstance, the accumulation of static electricity and the radiation of electromagnetic wave, bothhave an impact on the operation of the machines as well as damage people’s health.Static electricity has a significant harm to human bodies, durable static can increase the bloodpH, blood glucose, urinary calcium excretion and whereas decrease the serum calcium levels andvitamin C content. Excessive accumulation of static in the body also impacts central nervoussystem by causing the current conduction abnormalities in cerebral nerve cell membrane, whichconsequently leads to the change of blood pH and body oxygen characteristics, ultimatelyinfluencing the physiological balance of body. Long-term static interference and invasion wouldaffect people’s physical and mental health by giving rise to the physiological reactions such asimpatience, headache, chest distress, coughing and even the bronchial asthma and arrhythmias ina severe situation; in daily life, electrostatic phenomenon may make garments and human bodyintertwined, which is neither comfortable nor esthetical. During the use of sheets, blankets or carcushions which are made of synthetic fibers, it brings an uncomfortable sense of electric shockwhen people touch metals immediately after the friction with the fabrics. Likewise, in the textileindustrial production, the contact friction between two materials can generate the static on theirsurfaces, and the elimination of electrostatic charge is slow. Moreover, electrostatic can cause theyarn breakage and winding during spinning, and it may cause a fire or explosion in many specialenvironments.In recent years, conductive fibers have been widely used in electromagnetic shielding andantistatic fabrics due to the soft and lightweight properties, the antistatic fabrics made ofconductive fibers are superior to those made from finishing on account of the better durability.Polyamide-based silver-plated yarns are obtained through the special treatment of plating thenylon fiber surfaces with a dense layer of silver, the silver-plated yarns are extensively applied todeveloping sensing and conductive fabrics because of their excellent conductivity.This paper studies the impact of temperature, humidity, twists, number of shares, oxidationand friction on the silver-plated yarns’ conductivity.36antistatic fabric samples containingsilver-plated fibers according to the weave distance, weave structure and the density of matrix structure were designed; uses Electrostatic attenuation tester to test the samples’ induced voltageand half-decay period of static voltage respectively to analyze the impact of different weavedistances, fabric structures and the density of matrix structures on the fabrics’ antistatic property.Afterwards, washing the samples to research and analyze the effect of washing on fabrics’antistatic property, while taking advantage of conductor capacitance theory to conduct atheoretical derivation of the factors which influence the antistatic property of the fabrics whichembedded silver-plated fibers, then validating the test results.The study has found that the silver-plated fibers’ weave distance has a great influence on theantistatic property, which presented as the fabrics’ antistatic property is gradually becoming poorwith the increase of weave distance. The antistatic property of3/1twill fabrics is better than theone of2/2twill and plain fabrics, this suggests that the fabric structure has a certain influence onthe antistatic property, the longer the floating length of yarns, the looser and thicker the fabrics,the better the antistatic property of fabrics. The effect of fabric density on the antistatic propertyis embodied in the relationship of the larger the density, the worse the antistatic property. At thesame time, testing the change of antistatic property of the washed samples, the outcomes ofwhich indicates that the antistatic property of the fabrics embedded and woven by thesilver-plated yarns gets worse as the times of washing increase. Furthermore, the values of thehalf-decay period of static voltage and surface charge density of the samples which have beenwashed are larger than the ones of the samples without washing, this shows that washingdestroys the silver on the surface of silver-plated yarns, which damages the charge-decaychannels gathering on the fabric surfaces, thereby weakening the antistatic property.Utilizing the capacitor theory to establish a function relationship of the impact on thecapacitance of fabrics, and then taking use of the experimental data to analyze the model, whichdemonstrates that weave distance of the silver-plated fibers has a significant effect on antistaticproperty, inferred from whether the derivation or the experimental results; the capacitance of thefabrics embedded and woven by the silver-plated yarns is related to the number of silver-platedfibers per unit area, the weave distance, the base materials of the fabrics and the radius of thesilver-plated yarns, with the increase of the weave distance of conductive fibers, the capacitanceof the fabrics reduces, and the amount of charge per unit area on the fabrics tends to be aconstant.