Research Of Thermal Environment In Summer Of Shijiazhuang City

City was a place that possessed with large non-agricultural population andnon-agricultural industries. There were many tall buildings in the city, and the naturalsurface just like the plant and the soil was replaced by the cement, pitch and otherharden surface, it was the place that influenced deeply by the human beings. Therewas a big difference between the city environment and the natural environment.According to previous studies we could find that: the direct source of the atmospherewas from the ground radiation, and the high temperature of the surface of the citycould make a strong effect to the air temperature that formed a local climate: the cityclimate. The tall buildings of the city could reflect and absorb the solar radiation formany times; besides that the building blocks increased the surface friction coefficient,which made it hard for heat in the center of the city spread to the suburb. And in theprocess of production and life, urban system had discharged a large amount of wasteheat and greenhouse gases, which made urban internal temperature significantlyhigher than the suburbs, and produced the phenomenon of "urban heat island".Through analyzed the temperature statistics of the city of Hebei in July from2011～2013, some regular could be found that: Shijiazhuang was the highest city intemperature, and the average temperature was32℃, besides that the time which themaximum temperature was above35℃was8days, the date was near a quarter of thetotal number of days on July. It is clearly that the high temperature was one importantfactor that influencing the comfort.Through outdoor environmental investigation, the main outdoor environmentwas divided into the park and the street environment, and the typical was selected andthe temperature and the monitor were measured from6to13in July of2012and from10to28in July of2013. Besides that, the reason that the temperature changedregulation formed, the relationship between the temperature and the citizen＇s life wasresearched. The result reflected that:(1) In the rainy days, the temperature difference between the highest and theminimum of the parks and the street was less than4℃from8:00to18:00; the temperature difference from the ground to150cm above of the same environment; thetemperature of the air that from the ground to20cm above was slightly lower, and thetemperature of the air from30cm to150cm was higher, but the temperaturedifference was less than1℃. And the temperature difference of the measuredenvironment that in the parks and streets was less than0.5℃.(2) In the sunny days, the temperature of the street and the square of the parkswhich were under sunshine was above10℃from8:00to18:00, and the temperaturedifference was near2℃from ground to150cm above at the same time. In the parkwhich possessed lake, the water had good cooling effect before10:00; but to the parkwhich did not have lake, the temperature difference of the environment which wasunder the shade of the tree was smaller; the lawn can also decrease the temperaturefrom ground to20cm to a certain extent. But the temperature was obviously differentbecause of the distinction of the canopy coverage, the width of the street, and thenumber of the cars. The temperature of the vehicle on the street environment also canproduce certain influence: the large vehicle exhaust could promote the temperature ofthe area that near the cars, however, it did little impact on the temperature of wholestreet environment.To fully explore the relationship between the outdoor environment and theresidents’ daily life, the citizen＇s outdoor activities the thermal comfort evaluationwere summarized by questionnaire. The research reflected that: the residents dailyoutdoor activities, just like the range of the size, the distance, the time and the otherbehaviors were affected by the age of the population, the occupational structure, thecharacter of the work etc.15～32℃was the most comfortable temperature forhuman body, when the temperature was above35℃, the body would feel hot. Andwhen the temperature was above37℃, body would feel uncomfortable seriously.But the residents hold different stander to different outdoor environment: parks werethe place that closed to the residents, therefore the citizen possessed a higher quantitystander to it. But the street environment was in contrast, for the crowd in it was thefloating population.Due to the temperature changed regulation of the outdoor environment of Shijiazhuang in summer and the character of the human outdoor behaviors, thesuggestion that how to design the outdoor environment was put forward, just likepromoting the proportion of the forest in the parks; making the most use of theremaining earth and developing the wedge green space; developing the high-levelarchitecture; and trying to apply the greening roof method.