Study On Window And External Shading Of Typical Rural Residences In Chongqing Area

The researches emphasize of building energy efficiency are long term to stressed oncity buildings but ignore the energy efficiency design for the rural residences, which islarge object for buildings. Due to air-condition and heating energy consumption casedby window is very large, the energy efficiency of window is always much important forbuilding energy efficiency. The objects of present researches are few rural residencesand mostly excessively pay attention to energy consumption, but ignore to improveindoor daylight condition, especially Chongqing area where daylight climate is poor.The paper analyzes the building thermal effect theory by solar radiation andsensible heat transfer theory of pervious light building enclosure. It provides acomprehensive analysis that combines with window orientation, window-wall ratio,glass types and external shading. Finally, this research obtains the optimization ofwindow and external shading suit to the region, which based on energy consumptionand daylight optimized design as well as economical analysis.Firstly, building thermal effect theory by solar radiation and sensible heat transfertheory of pervious light building enclosure are introduced. Then the evaluationsystemof thermal condition and daylighting condition are also introduced for the purpose ofproving whether windows of rural residence need to be optimized and judging theindoor daylighting levels.Besides, team members separately investigated and tested the building forms,indoor thermal condition and daylighting condition of rural residence which were stepsampling chosen in Chognqing area during the typical seasons of year2011and2012.The results show that indoor thermal condition and daylighting condition of ruralresidence in the region are poor. Due to the window play an important role in energyconsumption, it is necessary to optimize the rural residence design in the region.What’ more, compared with the advantages and shortcomings of software speciesof building daylighting and energy consumption simulation, the DesignBuilder waschosen in the paper. Combined with the investigations, the typical rural residencebuilding model has been built, which contains detail materials of building envelope,information of personnel and equipment, parameters of glasses and so on. In order todecrease the test times, the research formulates the orthogonal design via SPSS software.At last, the main effects that are F values of otherness of rural residence building indoor energy consumption and daylighting cased by window and external shading areanalyzed in the paper. At the same time, the effect degree of window orientation,window-wall ratio, glass types and external shading are ranked. According to theanalysis above, the optimizations of the window and external are attained based on thedaylighting and air-condition energy consumption. Then these schemes are alsocompared by economical analysis.The analysis results show that it is not suit to use six millimeter blue glass or otherscoated film for window in rural residence in Chongqing area. Window orientation isrecommend to be south, southwest and southeast and the range of window-wall ratio is0.25to0.3. The optimizations for rural residence building are that glass type is sixmillimeter single glass and window-wall ratio is0.25when there are external shading ofthe window; the glass type is double glazing3+6A+3and window-wall ratio is0.25when there are no external shading. As for the new buildings, it is appropriate to choosedouble glazing3+6A+3and window-wall ratio is0.25. It is not advice to choose thehorizontal external shading the present level.