| In recent years, public concern about the relevance of trace amounts ofpharmaceuticals that occur in the environment has been continuously increasing.Fluoroquinolones (FQs) are one kind of the most important antibacterial agents used inhuman and veterinary medicine. Various members of the popular fluoroquinoloneantibacterial agents (FQs) have been frequently detected in municipal wastewater andsurface water bodies recently. It come into the picture because of the potential risk foraquatic and soil organisms associated with the presence of trace concentrations of theseactive compounds. As a green antioxidant, potassium permanganate is widely used as anoxidizing agent to remove reducing pollutants in synthetic as well as in water plantsbecause of its broad source and economic advantage. In addition, other oxidant, ozoneand chlorine compounds, for example may produce harmful byproducts such ashalogenated organics and bromated during the oxidation while potassium permanganatewould not. The oxidation efficiency and kinetics of enrofloxacin/ciprofloxacin withpotassium permanganate (PP) were investigated. First, several influencing factors, suchas, PP dosage, pH value, temperature and matrix in actual water was studied, and thenfocuses on the impact to rate constant under different buffer solutions.From the perspective of the removal efficiency, both permanganate agent one andagent two can oxidate ENR/CIP efficiently. The removal efficiency is all more than80%and increases with the PP dosage increasing. The variation trend of ENR/CIP reactedwith the two agents influenced by pH are consistent. With respect to neutral and basiccondition, the removal efficiency is much better at the acidic condition, with pH4as theoptimal one.Something is different that CIP is easier to be removed at basic conditionthan ENR. The removal efficiency of ENR/CIP substantially increased with the increaseof the temperature. So it is more suitable for the water with higher temperature forremoving of ENR/CIP. The variation tendency of ENR/CIP reacted with the both thetwo agents in natural water also are consistent. And the removal rate are the hightestcompare with deionized water and tap water, which suggested that PP more suitable toremove FQs in actual waters.From the perspective of the oxidation kinetics, the reactions between agent one/agent two and the ENR/CIP fit second-order kinetics as a whole and first-order to boththe contaminants and agents. The second-order rate constants of ENR with two agentswere determined to be38M-1s-1,49M-1s-1separately at pH7(phosphate bufferedsolution) and that of CIP to be32.2M-1min-1,39.2M-1min-1. Obviously somecomponents in agent two facilitated the chemical reactions. On the whole, the degradation rate of ENR is fasrer than that of CIP. The rate constant of ENR/CIP by PPincreased with the temperature increasing. Arrhenius formula was getted and calculatedthe apparent activation energies Ea=49.09kJ·mol-1,51.42kJ·mol-1for two agents withENR and Ea=44.93kJ·mol-1,47.50kJ·mol-1for two agents with CIP separately, whichreveals that the oxidation reaction between ENR/CIP and PP is feasible under usualwater treatment condition.The removal efficiency of ENR/CIP oxided by both two agents are apparentlydifferent in seven reaction system system(deionized water and six buffer solutionsystem). The order of system in which the reaction rate is getting slower: deionizedwater> barbital sodium> citric acid> sodium phosphate~potassium phosphate>sodium pyrophosphate> EDTA. It come to a conclusion that EDTA, phosphate andsodium pyrophosphate buffer solution strongly inhibite the reaction while barbitalsodium and citric acid just slightly inhibite it. |
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