| Since the birth of the first motorcycle in1885, the booming motorcycle industry had changed people’s lifestyle and quality of life, but the problem of environmental pollution, energy consumption of its produce also restricted the further development of the motorcycle industry. Meanwhile, National III Emission Standards coming into effect and oil prices rising added more stress to traditional motorcycle industry. In recent years, influenced by macro-economic regulation, the traditional motorcycle industry trended downturn, and the sales in2012decreased to23.63million, a five-year low.Conversely, responded to little pollution to environment, low noise, low cost are respected to electric motorcycles’flourish, electric motorcycles are quickly becoming the favorite vehicles to consumers. Only in2012, both the production and sales of electric motorcycles in China (including electric bicycles) were more than30million, and the holding volume achieved140million above, which means each100people owned10electric motorcycles. But at the same time, the electric motorcycles have obvious drawbacks:short driving range, power battery short life, etc.Conventional methods to improve the extend range of electric motorcycles are increasing power battery capacity, improving the efficiency of the drive motor, reducing the quality of vehicle etc. The paper topic got beyond the traditional wisdom and increased an extended range set, which could be used to charge battery to increase driving ranges. Electric motorcycles equipped with extended range set, also known as Extended-Electric-Motorcycles (EEM), are available domestic charging mode and on-board charging mode. In addition to the characteristic of long driving distance, EEM also has the following advantages:small power battery capacity, low cost to be produced, lack of electricity broke down phenomenon, and shallow charging, light discharging of batteries, etc.As the core of the EEM, the extended range set mainly consisted of a small combustion engine, an ISG motor and its controller. ISG motor is an integrated starter and generator, installed on the engine main shaft. When EEM lacked electricity, under the control of its controller, ISG motor firstly worked in the motor mode and started the engine. After starting, the engine performed in a peak manner and drove the ISG motor rotating. Then, the ISG motor operated as a generator and generated three-phase alternating current. Rectified to direct current by the ISG motor controller, the alternating current powered EEM’s electric equipments and charged the power batteries.The paper analyzed the ISG motor with the theory of brushless permanent magnet motor and put forward the proposal of "step start-up". According to the ISG motor characteristics, the thesis project designed a ISG motor controller to start the ISG motor and monitor the engine speed, starting current and power battery charging current. The controller also could protect the ISG motor and batteries, and switch ISG motor’s function, from starter to generator.In terms of hardware design, based on the idea of modularization, the thesis project chose the PIC18F23K20microcontroller as the master chip and completed module designing. The modules were comprised of power module, motor driving module, speed-detecting module, voltage and current detecting module, batteries charging module, communicating module etc.For the software design, according to ISG motor’s static nature and engine’s minimum starting rotate speed, the thesis project developed the control procedure on the basis of ISG motor control policy, and based on the assembly language, the thesis project finished programming, debugging and optimizing.As the experimental results suggested, the ISG motor controller had a good ability and high reliability to start SIG motor. And by real-time monitoring the batteries’ charging voltage and charging current, the controller could effectively prevent the batteries charging with over-current, and this played an active role to extend batteries life. |
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