Research On Network Design Model And Algorithm Of Hazardous Materials Transportation

For road transport can achieve direct transport and connect to other modes of transport, ithas become the main mode of transport of hazardous materials. Because of the densepopulation and large vehicles of the road and the surrounding, once there were an accidentwhich was not controlled in time during the transport process of hazardous materials, it wouldcause casualties on the road and the surrounding, it also caused damage to the environment.Therefore, to reduce the probability of accidents and the accident affected area, thegovernment should study risk aversion on the aspect of safety actively, they have theobligation to undertake an analysis about road transport of hazardous materials accident, it isnecessary to optimize the design of hazardous materials transport network.The analysis to the road transportation accidents of hazardous materials is carried on,government supervision departments active safety research belongs to the planning problembefore the accident, analyses the influence caused from after the accident in order to reducethe accident of the impact degree and scope. First, the road transportation accidents ofhazardous materials cause is analyzed, pointed out that the occurring of the hazardousmaterials transportation accidents is the result of the interaction of internal, external andmanagement. Independent of the inner, external results, management has potential impact onthe accident. Second, through analyzing statistical and influence factors of transportationaccidents of hazardous materials, summing up the main form of causing hazardous materialsaccident from two aspects including traffic accidents and non-traffic accidents; analyzingmain potential factors of hazardous materials in transport process from four factors includingthe people, vehicle, environment and safety management respectively. Third, throughstudying the countermeasures of hazardous materials accident in road transport, points outthat the government supervision departments should focus on researching risk prevention inview of management before the problem occurs, safety regulation is the main prevention andcontrol of hazardous materials transportation accidents, and making hazardous materialstransport network design is the effective way to realize safety supervision.For realizing safety, preventing serious accidents and economical efficiency in the roadtransportation of dangerous cargo network, from the point of view of the governmentsupervision departments, the minimization of all sections of total effects is considered.Meanwhile the section which could have serious consequences should be avoided as far aspossibly when making decisions, the target bi-level programming model of the originalclassical hazardous materials transport network is improved.Firstly, prohibiting traffic aiming at the specific hazardous materials is adopted at aspecific road section to achieve the network design hazardous materials transport. The up-layer takes the minimization of the total expected effects and expected effect in the mostsection as the goal in hazardous materials transport, taking into account the expectedtransportation costs and risk of loss for the transportation enterprises, constructs a network ofbi-level programming model for hazardous materials transport.Secondly, by considering that high cost is needed when carrying out prohibited policy inparticular section all the day and referring to the congestion pricing method in city traffic torelieve traffic congestion, collecting expenses aiming at the specific hazardous materials isadopted at a specific road section to achieve the network design hazardous materials transport.Adding additional costs to the expected economy on the lower-layer transportation enterprises,meanwhile, the collecting cost can be used to increase safety protection of expected effect inthe most section, then lower the total expected effects for these sections in the upper-layergovernment regulatory, construct a network of bi-level programming model for hazardousmaterials transportation.Then the two models are solved by heuristic algorithm, to solve this problem expediently,change two objective programming into a single objective planning by the main objectivemethod in upper layer, change dual objective programming into a single objective planning byusing the linear weighted sum method.Finally, the results show: it has good theoretical and practical significance in solving theroad transport of hazardous materials when dividing the road transport of hazardous materialsinto prohibited traffic and collected expenses of bi-level programming model, it not onlyprovides references for the government to formulate the hazardous materials transportmanagement measures, but also provides guidance for the hazardous materials transportcompanies in the formulation of the transport path scheme.