Research On The Optimization Allocation And The Operation Of Micro-grid

In order to develop the low carbon economy and construct the ecological civilization and the sustainable development of human society, all countries are researching the use of renewable energy. In the use of the renewable energy, wind energy, solar energy, biomass energy, geothermal energy and the tidal energy are the main technology. Due to the flexible application of new energy, improve the use of renewable energy, Distributed generation technology has got the attention of the countries all over the world.But the cost of the distributed generation is high, and the control of distributed generation is hard, so someone puts forward the micro-grid. Micro-Grid is a controllable power system unit which consist of generator, load, energy storage and control device, and it can supply the electricity and heat. In the micro-grid, the micro-source and the energy storage are together in the user side. Micro-grid can run separately or run with the major power grid by the point of common coupling.Micro-source is the source in the micro-grid, such as wind turbine, photovoltaic array, fuel cells, micro gas turbine and so on. Because of the volatility and intermittent of the wind energy and solar energy, micro-grid must have some energy storage to stabilize the grid. But the energy storage is usually high cost and service life is relatively short. To meet the requirements of power supply quality, at the same time make full use of a variety of new energy characteristics of complementary, reduce the energy storage capacity configuration, improve the economic benefit of the system, the micro-grid optimization allocation problem seems especially important. On the other hand, the system economy is also an important research content. This article will discuss the micro-grid optimization configuration and the operation research. The main research work are as follows:First, the article introduces the concept of the micro-grid, establish the model of every micro-source including wind turbine, photovoltaic array, fuel cells, micro gas turbine and storage battery.Second, the article puts forward micro-grid optimization allocation based on QPSO. The micro-grid optimization allocation problem is a problem to optimize the type and size of the micro-source based on existing allocation. The micro-grid optimization allocation problem must consider the power balance, size, node voltage branch current and environmental factors, and the target is the network loss, power investment, operation cost and emission cost. Micro-grid optimization allocation problem is a dynamic multidimensional nonlinear optimization problem, and Quantum-behaved Particle Swarm Optimization has its advantages, such as its search ability, fast convergence and precision high, so it can well solve the micro-grid optimization allocation problem. In the case, take the meteorological date and load date as example, take advantage of QPSO, solve the preferred plan of the micro-grid consist of wind turbine, photovoltaic array, fuel cells, micro gas turbine and storage battery.Third, the article research the micro-grid consist of wind turbine and storage battery aimed at smoothing the output power configuration problems and lower the loss, provide the basis for the establishment of the actual system. In the case, analyze the output characteristics of wind power and storage capacity and based on reducing the max change of the wind power and the smoothing arithmetic, optimize the storage capacity.Fourth, the article discusses the load economic dispatch between all kinds of power. Based on the allocation of the micro-grid, analyze economic dispatch of the micro-source and optimize the operation of the micro-grid. Use the renewable energy sources in preference, distribute the load of fuel cells and micro gas turbine based on equal incremental principle. The storage battery guarantee the stability of micro-grid. The micro-grid as a controlled source response to external scheduling.