Research On Parameters Optimization And Key Technology Of The Slapper Detonators

Parameters of slapper detonators related to explosives and exploding foils were optimized. The solvent-antisolvent recrystallization method was adopted to refine Hexanitrostibene(HNS).Combining Micro Electro Mechanical Systems(MEMS) pyrotechnics technique, substrate was coated by utilizing the closed-field unbalanced magnetron sputtering iron plating system and carved bridge shapes by using pico-second laser micromachining system. Thus, the exploding foils of Cu, Cu/Au and Cu/Al/Ni were prepared. Moreover, the explosive before and after refinement and the molded exploding foils were characterized by analysis approaches, such as XRD and SEM. And the electrical explosion parameters of exploding foils were determined by a self-design testing system. Finally, the influences of geometrical parameters of exploding foils and the electrical parameters of exploding circuit on the slapper detonators were simulated and analyzed. The main results were as following:(1)The particle size D (V,0.5) of the refined HNS is1.08μm, which is close to submicron level. The SEM shows that the crystal becomes smoothly and long, whose shape is quite different from the columnar structure before refinement. The TG indicates that the refined HNS start to react10℃in advance than before, and its thermal sensitivity is enhanced.The XRD shows the thin membranes of exploding foils are high purity, and the characteristic peaks of Cu, Au, Al and Ni are detected found while the distinct characteristic peaks of CuO or CuxO are not found. The SEM demonstrates the particle sizes of the membrane’s surface are submicron. The interlayer structures of Cu/Al/Ni are clearly visible. The AFM indicates that the average roughness of exploding foils of Cu is138.527nm, Cu/Au is20.588nm, and Cu/Al/Ni is48.587nm.(2)The volt-ampere characteristics curves suggest that the energy utilization efficiency can reach18%at the most when Cu exploding foils are at2500V charging voltage. Conducting the performance comparison tests of exploding foils at this charging voltage,It is shows that the exploding currents and energy of Cu/Au and Cu/Al/Ni exploding foils are obviously higher than Cu exploding foils. The exploding currents of Cu and Cu/Au exploding foils at0.3mm×0.3mm bridge area are slightly larger than those at0.4mm×0.4mm bridge area, but the changes of Cu/Al/Ni exploding foil are not obvious. Moreover, the exploding currents of the exploding foils with the same materials and bridge area at the included angle of45°are better than that at the included angle of30°and60°. The high-speed photography shows that the plasma plume generated by Cu/Al/Ni and Cu/Au exploding foils are larger than those of Cu exploding foils. In addition, compared with other exploding foils, the Cu/Al/Ni exploding foils show obvious yellow spark with the spatter of production particles.(3) The simulated results show the exploding current can be reduced in the slapper detonators, if decreasing the exploding circuit inductance and initial resistance, selecting the small capacitance, reducing the exploding bridge area properly and choosing appropriate thickness.