| The construction of ecological agriculture with commodity （EAC） is a process thatcontinuously improving the coupling relationship of agricultural eco-economic system torealize the coordination and unification of agricultural eco-economic system andagricultural industry and resources system. The implementation of Grain for Green Projectin the Loess Plateau had improved the regional ecological system by changing the land usestructure and increasing the ecological resources. At the same time, the project had affectedthe agricultural industry structure and layout as well as the development of agriculturaleconomy, and had an important role in the development of EAC. The development of EACalso had a certain feedback effect on the system of Grain for Green Project. The system ofEAC and Grain for Green Project are coupled to each other and integration, which hadpromoted the development and evolution of the regional eco-economic system. TheEvolution of the coupling relationship of EAC and Grain for Green Project system and theevolution of agricultural eco-economic system coupling situation are not only theperformances of the construction effect of EAC, but also the cores of the effect evaluation.It had an important practical significance for revealing the effect of constructing EACdriving by Grain for Green Project by analyzing and evaluating the evolution ofeco-economic system coupling situation. Therefore, taking Ansai County as an example,analyzing the interaction between the system of Grain for Green Project and EAC to makeclear the index system of their characterization, analyzing the evolution of couplingsituation between EAC and Grain for Green Project system, and determining the phasesthat EAC experienced since the implementation of Grain for Green Project, could provide areference for the consolidation of achievements of Grain for Green Project, the rapiddevelopment of regional EAC, and the formulation of coordinated and sustainabledevelopment programs of agricultural eco-economic system. The main results are as follows:（1） The effect of Grain for Green Project on the EAC was mainly presented as thepositive driving process on agricultural resources and industrial system——Promoted theoptimization of the agricultural resources structure and the adjustment of industrialstructure; and the negative restriction——caused the idle and waste of agriculturalresources. With the project’s going, forest and grassland in the proportion of agriculturalland in2009increased by11.3%, compared to1998. The area of farmland decreased andagricultural resources were optimized. Agricultural industrial structure was adjusted.Agricultural leading industry were plastic house culture and forestry and fruit industry afterthe implementation of Grain for Green Project, which used to be farming and animalhusbandry，EAC developed rapidly. However, agricultural resources were wasted and idle.The actual amount of livestock in2008accounted for only19.36%of the theoreticaloptimum carrying capacity of grassland. The correlation of agricultural industry and resources was decreased, which restrained the realization rates of EAC. Conversely, therapid development of EAC, to some extant, consolidated the achievements of Grain forGreen Project.（2） There were two levels of coupling degree models established, which were EACand Grain for Green Project system, and agricultural eco-economic system, to analyze theevolution process of the coupling situation of EAC and Grain for Green Project system.The results showed that the evolution process could be divided into4phases: Ⅰ. Phase ofEAC and Grain for Green Project system harmonious development, Ⅱ.Phase of EACdeveloped in the case of the returning farmland excessive, Ⅲ. Phase of excessive returningfarmland limit the development of EAC, Ⅳ. Phase of the development ofEAC is limited topromote Grain for Green Project system rapid development, of which, phase Ⅲ and Ⅳexistonly in theory, and phase Ⅱm ay appear for a short-term. The coupling relations in AnsaiCounty had experienced phase Ⅰ and Ⅱ from1999to2010. The current system couplingrelationship was in the period of agricultural economic system development speed declineand the system coordinated degree weakened because of excessive returning farmland andclear contrary trend of agricultural industry and resources. Certain crisis of the sustainableand coordinated development of agricultural eco-economic system was existed.（3） On the basis of evaluated the coupling relationship of EAC and Grain for Green Project system, according to the grade criterion of coupling coordinated degree ofagricultural eco-economic system and industry-resources system, the judgement standard ofthe3phases of EAC construction was determined preliminarily.Ⅰ. The phase of basicstructure construction: the coupling coordinated degree of agricultural eco-economicsystem was0＜D1≤0.8, and the coupling coordinated degree of industry-resources systemwas0＜D2≤0.7.Ⅱ.The phase of perfect agriculture system circulation: the couplingcoordinated degree of agricultural eco-economic system was0.8＜D1≤0.9, and thecoupling coordinated degree of industry-resources system was0.7＜D2≤0.9. Ⅲ. The phaseof expanding agricultural system: the coupling coordinated degree of agriculturaleco-economic system and industry-resources system was0.9＜D≤1.0.Based on all above, the phases of EAC in Ansai County had gone through were judged.The results showed that since the implementation of Grain for Green Project, Greatprogress has been made in the construction of EAC in Ansai County. The complexdevelopment index of agriculture system rose from0.2752in1999to0.7195in2010. TheEAC in Ansai County had gone through the ecosystem construction period and agriculturalindustrial structure adjustment period of phase Ⅰ, and began to transition to the phase ofperfect agriculture system circulation （phase Ⅱ） in2010. At present, the couplingcoordination relationship of industry-resources system lagged far behind in the agriculturaleco-economic system; the agricultural industry do not rationally and effectively utilizeagricultural resources; the contrary trend between agricultural industries and resources hadrestricted comprehensive development level of EAC.（4） Based on coupling degree model and coupling coordinated degree model, theresults of evaluation on the effect of constructing EAC showed that since theimplementation of Grain for Green Project, the main problems in the process ofconstructing EAC in Ansai County were as follows: waste and idle of agricultural resources,negative effects of excessive returning farmland appeared, follow-up industries ofagriculture and agricultural product brand with special characteristics developed slowly.Therefore, the benign strategies to promote coordinated sustainable development ofagricultural eco-economic system were put forward: First of all, on the basis of consolidatethe achievements of Grain for Green Project, it is necessary to develop forestry and grassindustry and their related industries, improve the effective utilization of agricultural resources and establish follow-up industries, optimize agricultural industrial structure, andperfect the chain network structure of eco-agriculture with commodity system; Secondly,the effective measures should be taken to protect arable land resources and preventphenomenon of excessive returning farmland. |
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