| Ansai County is one typical hilly-gullly region of Loess Plateau, whose ecologicalenvironment has been being deteriorated and soil erosion has been serious due to the specialnatural conditions and humans’ irrational exploitation and utilization. This has been seriouslyrestricting the local development of social and economic. It is also one of the most typicalareas where the contraction between economics and ecology is prominent. Ecologicalagriculture model with commodity economy was proposed on the background to coordinateecological protection and economic development. The implement of this model cancoordinate the economic development and the ecological protection. However, due to someexternal factors limit, the industrial development did not match with the utilization ofresources, the region’s economic development was depart from its ecological protection. Thisstudy attempts to provide scientific reference for the further development of regionalecological agriculture with commodity economy through diagnosing the status quo mode,choosing development programs which can enable the system coupling optimized.Firstly, this study evaluated the status of ecological agriculture with commodity economyin Ansai County from the coupling efficiency, operational efficiency and coupling degree ofinternal subsystem. Secondly, in order to clear the internal mechanism and the externalsituation of the region’s development of ecological agriculture with commodity economy andfind the identity the key of system optimization, the main indicators of the evolution processwas analysed, combined with the results of the evaluation of the status quo, a qualitativeanalysis was made through SWOT analysis method. Finally, achieved the system couplingoptimization through set five situations based on the degree of government interventionduring the regional agricultural development and farmers behavior selection, optimizing eachsituation with linear programming method respectively and selecting the optimal solution forregional current development. Draw the following conclusions:(1).Through the evaluation of implementation results of ecological agriculture withcommodity economy in Ansai County from the coupling efficiency, operational efficiency andcoupling degree can found that the system was in a status that showed a low efficiency, low coupling degree and a downward trend of the overall efficiency. In particular, in view of thecoupling efficiency, the overall efficiency of the ecological agriculture with commodityeconomy in Ansai County changed a little and the efficiency values kept above0.85in mostof past20years. However, this relative high value may be resulted from the absolutely lowefficiency. Technical efficiency showed randomly fluctuations, because advanced technologydid not play its due role or the introduction of new technology was not in place. Scaleefficiency is relatively low, the minimum value was0.658, the returns to scale performancefor increasing returns to scale in most years. This proved that the individual and small-scaleagriculture business model has not adapt to the agriculture development needs in context ofnew technology and new policy. At the same time, we can found that Ansai County’sagricultural output kept sustain increased in the context of arable land reduced sharplythrough increasing the input of other production factors. It said there existed alternativeamong the agricultural production factors and emphasis should be paid to the rationalallocation of input factors. In view of coupling aspect, ecological agriculture with commodityeconomy in Ansai County is in underutilization of resources, industrial development lag phase.This is the nature reason that resulted in the trend of economic benefits decline, ecologicalbenefits continuously increase and the comprehensive benefits decline of the ecologicalagriculture with commodity economy in Ansai County.(2).The unreasonable of ecological agriculture with commodity economy in AnsaiCounty was mainly resulted from the unpaired of utilization of agricultural resources and thedevelopment of agricultural industry. It showed that the chain network was incomplete duringthe agriculture development. The rational utilization of forest and grass resources is theproblem that urgently needed to be solved in the future development of agriculture in AnsaiCounty.(3).Rational utilization of forest and grass resources is the key point of the optimizationof ecological agriculture model with commodity economy in Ansai County. Different degreesof government intervention will lead to different efficiency of resource utilization. Accordingto the size of objective function, the order of the various programs is: cooperativegroup>perfectly competitive>system contract system rent>limited control>completely control.Among them, cooperative program not only has the highest benefits, but also can liberate therural labor force gradually. It is helpful to improve the bargaining power of farmers in themarket and ability to take risks, it is also helpful to rationalization of the farmersdecision-making and as well as the optimization of industrial structure of ecologicalagriculture with commodity economy. Therefore, the cooperative program is the optimal program of the current development of ecological agriculture with commodity economy inAnsai County.（4）The small cooperative group in perfectly competitive context has economic benefitsof2725.5847million yuan, the land use proportion of agriculture, forestry and animalhusbandry is1:3.73:3.09, the number of cattle, sheep, pig and poultry is10000,103019,6451,and145963respectively. Compared with existing mode: In farming, corn, greenhousevegetables and apple acreage increased significantly, beans and cash crops planting areadropped significantly, P. miliaceum&Millet and potato acreage remained stable; In forest andgrass industry, all the economical forest changed into the ecological forest and grassland; Inbreeding livestock, pigs and poultry changed little in scale, the cultivating mode of sheep andcattle are changed from full feeding into full grazing and semi-house semi-grazing sheepfarming respectively, the increase of sheep farming is significantly, which is115.82%morethan the current mode, the farming scale of cattle declined39.9%than the current mode; Ineconomic benefits, the small cooperative group in perfectly competitive context. has anincrease of31.95%.compared with current mode. |
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