| The Zhedong White Goose, which is known for its rapid growth rate, superexcellent meat quality, early sex mature and disease resistance, classified to the medium body size of Chinese white goose. It has been developing speedily in animal science construction change in the latter years. Meanwhile, the female Zhedong White goose reproduction ability is low because of seasonal breeding and strong broodiness unable to adapt to modern industrial production.Experiment1was conducted to investigate the effects of adding vitamin A, C and E mixture on reproduction, hormone and mRNA levels of genes in reproductive axis of female Zhedong White Goose.138female Zhedong White Goose were randomly assigned to3groups which were supplemented with vitamin mixture at doses of0,1.5and3.0kg/1000kg diet, respectively. The results showed that:Vitamin mixture significantly increased egg weight and fertility rate (P<0.05) in the first laying period, but had limited effects on egg production, egg weight, fertility rate and hatchability rate in the second laying period. Vitamin mixture increased concentrations of plasma FSH, P4and E2, and decreased concentration of LH, and changed FSH pattern (P<0.05) in the second laying period.Vitamin mixture also decreased GnRH, PRL and PRLR mRNA levels in the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary respectively (P＜0.05), increased ESR2mRNA level in the ovary (P＜0.05). Take together, vitamin A, C and E could improve the reproductive performance by affecting some plasma reproductive hormone concentrations and patterns, and reducing PRL signal due to decreasing PRLR mRNA level in female Zhedong White Goose.Experiment2was conducted to investigate the effects of daidzein on reproduction, plasma hormone and gene mRNA levels in reproductive axis of female Zhedong White Goose.120female Zhedong White Goose were randomly assigned to4groups which were supplemented with daizein at doses of0,10,20and30mg/kg diet (control, Test1, Test2and Test3), respectively. The results showed that:compared to the control, egg production in Test land Test2increased by33.64%and52.07%, egg weight in Test3increased significantly (P<0.05), fertility rate increased by3.27%,6.21%and6.56%and hatchability rate decreased by1.62%,3.56%and2.64%. Daidzein significantly increased plasma T4, GH and P4in laying period (P<0.05), but had no significant effect on plasma T3and E2in reproductive cycle of Zhedong White Goose. Daidzein up-regulated GnRH mRNA level in the hypothalamus in repeoductive cycle (P＜0.05) and FSHβ mRNA level in the pituitary in laying period (P＜0.05); and down-regulated PRLR mRNA level in the hypothalamus, FSHβ and PRL mRNA level in the pituitary, and ESR2mRNA level in the ovary (P＜0.05), respectively.Take together, daidzein could improve the reproduction of female Zhedong White Goose by affecting some plasma reproductive hormone concentrations and regulating the mRNA Levels of some genes in the reproductive axisExperiment3was conducted to investigate the effects of adding vitamins and minerals, regulating energy and protein levels of diets on reproduction, plasma hormones and genes mRNA levels of reproductive axis of female Zhedong White Goose.138female Zhedong White Gooses of the2nd laying year were divided into3groups according to body weight, which were provided basal diet, basal diet+vitamins and minerals, experimental diet+vitamins and minerals, respectively. The results showed that:1) adding vitamins and minerals significantly increased egg weight and fertility rate in the1st laying period (P＜0.05), and down-regulated GnRH, PRL and PRLR mRNA levels in the hypothalamus, pituitary and ovary respectively, and up-regulated ESR2mRNA level in the ovary (P<0.05), and significantly increased concentrations of plasma FSH, P4and E2, and decreased concentration of plasma LH, and changed FSH pattern (P＜0.05) in the2nd laying period.2) regulating energy and protein levels of diets significantly increased egg weight (P<0.05) in the2nd laying period, and egg production in both of laying cycles, and increased GnRH, PRL and PRLR mRNA levels in the hypothalamus and pituitary, and decreased FSHR mRNA level in the ovary (P<0.05), and increased concentrations of plasma LH, P4, decreased concentration plasma of FSH, E2, PRL, and changed LH, P4, E2and PRL pattern (P<0.05) in the2nd laying period. Those results suggested that adding vitamins and minerals and regulating energy and protein levels of diets might improve reproductive performance by affecting concentrations and patterns of plasma reproductive hormones, and regulating genes mRNA levels in reproductive axis of female Zhedong White Goose. |
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