Research On Patterns Of Flower Dropping And Related Regulations Of Jun-jujube In Aksu Area

Jujube industry develops rapidly in xinjiang, which has become the highlight of the rural industrialstructure optimization and farmers’ income in south xinjiang, presently, xinjiang is the biggest jujubecultivating province in China. But in the process of jujube cultivation, the phenomenon of flower droppingis very serious, not only that causes a large number of nutrient loss, but also reduces the Jujube yield. Thisresearches studied jun-jujube, one of mainly planted Jujubes in Aksu area, by analyzing its dynamicaldevelopment at flowering stage and then gain some regulations about flower dropping. Meanwhile, waterand GA3spraying, pollination, pinching, shade processing these factors related to flower dropping wereconducted in this experiment, and then,explored the influencing factors of its flowering, flower droppingand regulating technologies. The results as follows:(1) Jun-jujube begins its flowering stage on May25, then enters the stage of the flowering end on June29and continues until early August. Jujube has a huge amount of blossoms and its duration is up to70d.The central flowering of the single inflorescence open first and then others open on; Buds near the base of aleaf axil of fruit-bearing branch open first, and buds at middle internode position in axillary inflorescencehas the most of buds, and stays the longest in bloom.(2)Jun-jujube begins to fall8days after flowering, the peak is the third week and fourth week atflowering stage that falling number can reach649flower/plant (June17th), and the peak lasts15daysduring which fallen number accounts for62.7%of the total number of the fallen flower. The flowerdropping rate during the day is lower than in the night; in east is lower than in west; the middle internodesof fruit-bearing branch is lower than two sides; Order zero flower dropping is close to100%, order one ortwo is lower than order three and other multi-order.(3) Meteorological factors associated with flower dropping rate. The flower dropping rate in July has asignificant positive correlation with solar radiation (r=0.67), and that rate was significantly related withoutside temperature and maximum temperature; meanwhile, the rate has a significant negative correlationwith the outside humidity (r=-0.70), and negatively correlated with rainfall.(4) When the relative humidity is around85%, which is beneficial for pollination fertilization of jujubeflower. Aksu has a high temperature and heavy drought in summer, and the air is very dry, which conditionis not conducive for pollination and fertilization. Water spraying should be carried out once every five daysthat can effectively increase the air humidity and significantly reduced the flower dropping rate.(5) Jujube flower has a lower ability to pollinate and fertilize itself. In this study, cross-pollination wasconducted with wild jujube, hui-jujube and jun-jujube as male parents, bags them respectively and with agroup of bagged natural pollinated Jujube as the contrast. It turned out cross-pollination with wild jujubehad the lowest flower dropping rate, only53.8%, and that is19.1%lower than that under naturalpollination.(6) Spraying20mg/L GA3at flowering stage can lengthen fruit-bearing branch1.7cm more than thecontrast, and fruit-bearing rate increased by3.3%.(7)After picking twig tip, pinch the fruit-bearing branch and keep it25cm, then each branch bears2.8fruits more than the contrast.(8)Flower dropping rate could reach100%under total shade process.