Study Of Shape Appearance And Egg Performance In Xiushui Black-bone Chicken

Xiushui black-bone chicken is one of the excellent black-bone chicken varietiesnewly found in the2007survey of the National Animal Genetic Resources.In order tograsp germplasm characteristics of the chicken breed,we observed Xiushui black-bonechicken’s body appearance,and measured and analysed of the body feet; through singlecage and individual records of egg production, we recorded and analyzed its eggproduction performance, egg production was measured during the early, middle and latestages of egg quality as well as statistics and analyse the breeder eggs’ hatch performance,so as to understand the Xiushui black-bone chicken’s germplasm characteristics to betterprotection and utilization of Xiushui black-bone chicken.1. Analysis of Xiushui black-bone chicken’s body image and body feetXiushui black-bone chicken’s body are slim and in shape, the head and tail are up, allwearing yellow feathers, their feathers are compact,and light color with black leather,black tongue, meat, bone and paw and suede part.Xiushui black-bone chicken’s size slants small, the cock is big than hen; the smoothhen size slightly smaller than the quill hen, especially the shank length significantly lessthan the smooth hen shank length, body length significantly less than the smooth hen; otherindexes had no significant difference.2. Records and analysis of Xiushui black-bone chicken’s egg production performanceXiushui black-bone chicken’s egg production rate can amount to64.94%of peak, theindividual egg number in500days of age averaged117.98±26.23, up to183and thelowest is25; the ordinal egg production is higher, up to30. Xiushui black-bone chicken’segg production performance is better, but the individual egg count are significantlydifference.It is required to conductsystem selection in order to improve the evenness ofcommunity.3. Measurement and analysis of Xiushui black-bone chicken’s eggs qualityThe results showd:(1) Xiushui black-bone chicken’s egg yolk percentage ishigh(30.80-34.03%);the egg weight is great (46.64-52.09g);the albumen height and hartzunit in prophase and metaphase are good; but the shell thickness is thin,and the shellthickness is only0.24-0.32mm; the rate of flesh and blood spot are higher (21.28-43.33%).(2) There are some differences among the three stages in egg quality and themain performance showed: in the late stages of laying the egg protein is thinningand thehartz unit is smaller;the flesh and blood spot rate significantly increase; but the egg yolkpercentage increases.(3) There are extremely significant correlations among the Hartz unit,eggshell thickness, ratio of protein, and ratio of egg yolk.Summary: Xiushui black-bonechicken’s egg quality is good,but need to improve eggshell thickness and reduce the rateof flesh and blood spot. 4. Analysis of egg hatchability in Xiushui black-bone chickenThe results showd:in normal circumstances,the fertilization rate of Xiushuiblack-bone chicken egg was92.23~96.91%,and the average was94.43±1.05%; and theaverage was2.02±.043%;the eggs’ hatching rate was72.85~88.82%,and the average was81.15±39.3%;hatching rate of fertilized eggs was78.61~92.97%, and the average was85.91±3.67%;the rate of hatching healthy chicks was95.57~99.11%, and the average was97.46±0.79%.The result showed that it has a strong positive correlation between thefertilization rate and hatching rate and healthy rate.The hatching rate and the rate ofhealthy chickens also showed a strong positive correlation.The hatching rate and the rate ofhealthy chickens has a strong negative correlation.The fertilization rate,hatching rate andrate of healthy chickens reach peak in the middle priod,corresponding to the difference ofthe fertilization rate were not significant,the difference of hatching rate and the rate ofhealthy chickens were significantly.The fertilization rate and the rate of healthy chickens ofXiushui black-bone chicken’s eggs have reached a high level,and the hatching rate needs tobe improved.Comprehensive analysis in Xiushui black-bone chicken’s body image, bodymeasurements, egg production performance, egg quality and egg hatching effect, we foundthat Xiushui black-bone chicken breed trait is unique, very worthy of exploitation andutilization, and it needs further improvement.