Prevention And Treatment Of Changxueping Granule On Chicken Coccidiosis

Chicken coccidiosis is the most serious protozoal disease to damage the poultry industryin worldwide. At present, the prevention and treatment of this disease mainly depends on thedrugs of chemosynthesis or ionophore coccidiostatic, but these drugs are easy to induce drugresistance in coccidium and residue in chickens, besides the live vaccine and DNA vaccinehave some uncertain factors or disadvantages, so they are not be used widely. As alternativedrugs, Chinese herb medicines have some advantages, such as low toxicity, few residues,rarely drug resistance, their effects have been confrimed by clinical tests, so that they haveattracted increasing attention day by day. Changxueping Granule is consisted of Rheumofficinale, Rhizoma bletillae, Eclipta, Hairyvein agrimony and Garden burnet，this study wascarried out to evaluate the prevetion and treatment efficacy of this prescription on chickencoccidiosis by artificial infection and the treatment efficacy against coccidiosis by naturalinfection，also some work was done to explain the mechanism how this complex works bydeterming and analyzing some related indexes. The results were as follows:（1）The preliminary experiment of Changxueping Granule on preventing andtreating the chicken coccidiosis.16-day-old chickens were inoculated with80sporulatedoocysts, the disease model was to be made, meanwhile the prevention and treatment test wasimplemented by adding various doses of Changxueping Granule into drinking water, Inprevention group, Changxueping Granule at2g/L was added in drinking water7days beforeinfection, the drug was removed after infection; in three treatment groups, ChangxuepingGranule at low (2g/L), medium (4g/L) and high (6g/L) doses were added in drinking waterrespectively,96h after infection, offered at ease for4successive days; the related indexes suchas clinical symptoms, output rate of oocysts and survival rate were assayed to evaluate thepreventive and therapeutic efficacy of Changxueping Granule. Results showed that: Chickensexcreted large amount of blood fece5days postinoculation, cecum swelled and bled byanatomy, vast occysts were detected in feces by microscope, it indicated that the coccidiosismodle was established successfully. There was no obvious clinical symptoms inChangxueping Granule prevention group and the output rate of oocysts was lower; the outputrate of occysts and scores of blood feces were all decreased obviously in groups at low,medium or high doses of Changxueping Granule, and the survival rate were both significantlyincreased in groups treated with low or medium dose （P＜0.05）. It indicated that Changxueping Granule at2g/L could prevent coccidiosis effectively, and cure coccidiosis at4g/L via drinking water.（2）The fomal experiment of Changxueping Granule on preventing and treatingthe chicken coccidiosis.16-day-old chickens were inoculated with80sporulated oocysts, inprevention group, Changxueping Granule at2g/L was added in drinking water7days beforeinfection, the drug was removed after infection; in three treatment groups, ChangxuepingGranule at low (3g/L), medium (4g/L) and high (6g/L) doses were added in drinking waterrespectively,96h postinfection, offered at ease for4successive days; ACI was treated as themain evalution index, at the same time the average weight gain, output rate of oocysts, scoreof blood fece and immune organ index were treated as important indexes, were togetherconsidered to evaluate the preventive and therapeutic efficacy of Changxueping Granule onchicken coccidiosis. The Amount of Red Blood Cells（RBC）, the content of several mineralsubstance，ensymes，UA，Total Triglycerides(TG)，Total Protein(TP)，Albumin(Alb)，immuneglobulin in serum were tested at the day0,3,6and9after inoculation; At the end of the testgross anatomy was done on chickens from the health control, the sick control, prevention,treatment doses of Changxueping Granule, then the HE staining hispathologic slide was made.The results showed: The ACI in prevention, low, medium and high dose treatment ofChangxueping Granule were162.63,166.62,179.80and165.07; all treatments(includingprevention) could significantly or highly significant increased weight gain and index of burfaof Fabricius, decreased the output rate of occysts and score of blood fece,（P＜0.05or P＜0.01）. The prevention dose and treatment doses could all significantly or hightly significantdecreased the content of potassium, calcium, AST, ALT, UA in serum（P＜0.05or P＜0.01),meanwhile, they all significantly or highly significant increased the content of magnesium,total TG, TP, Alb, IgM, IgA and IgG（P＜0.05or P＜0.01); the vision of lacking of blood inthe muscle of bosom in Changxueping Granule prevention and treatment groups disappeared，ameliorated the congestion in kidney, liver and cecum, edge of liver was sharp, less cores ofcecum formed; the epithelial cells of cecum slightly destroyed and the smooth muscle ofcecum did not thicken or only kind of thicken，the cells of liver showed less vacuolar orgranular degeneration, the lymphoid nodule of the bursa of Fabricius well formed and theboundary edge between cortex and medulla was clear, large amount of lymphoid cells were inthe genial centre, number of necrotic epithelial cells of renal tubules decreased.（3）The clinical validation test of Changxueping Granule on preventing andtreating the chicken coccidiosis. The chickens naturally infected by coccidiosis wereselected for the test.The Changxueping Granule (4g/L) was used for5successive days bydrinking water. The therapeutic effect of Changxueping Granule was determined by analysing the clinical symptoms，average weight gain，output rate of oocysts and the feed convertionratio. The results showed that Changxueping Granule at4g/L could rapidly decrease theoutput rate of oocysts and scores of blood fece, and significantly improve the survival rate (P＜0.05); The average weight gain and feed convertion ratio were correspond with JiqiuchongSan（P＞0.05).