The Research On Grotwth And Meat Performance Of Qinchuan Beef Cattle,Holstein Dairy Cattle Cattle And Their Hybridized Cattle

To compare the growth, development and meat performances of Qinchuan cattle, Holstein and theirs hybrids, of which animals were grouped into8treated groups under the feeding standard conditions, insisting of five cattle involving uncastrated bull, cow and castrated bull from Qinchuan, Holstein and hybrids. The indicators of body measurements, conventional physiology, blood biochemistry, meat performances and meat-quality traits were measured to analyze the differences of these animals from8groups by variance analysis. The results were as follows:1. Growth and developmental performances:Body measurement and growth increased fastest, and average daily gain were highest during6-24months by comparing the body and growth traits including (body weight, body plagioclase, body height, waist high, rump length, waist angle width, chest depth, chest circumference, hucklebone width) to the animals. Among the animals, uncastrated and castrated bulls grew faster than females. Holstein’s grew faster than Qinchuan cattle and its hybrids did. Moreover, Qinchuan cattle nearly meet the standard characteristics of one beef cattle based on its body measurement performances.2. Conventional physiological and biochemical indicators:The body temperature, respiratory rate decreased with age increasing, while rumen activity was enhancing. The contents of serum TP, Glo, BUN increased with age increasing, but the levels of serum Na, Ca, P were highest at the age of6month, and kept a stable level since9month-age. The content of serum ALT during9-15months were significant higher than those of21～24to the animals (P<0.05). There were no significant correlations between serum Glu and ages. And there were no differences from the blood biochemical parameters in different sexes. The serum protein of Holstein bull was significantly higher than those of the others.3. Meat performance studies:The meat performances of Qinchuan (dressing percentage, net meat percentage, carcass production rate, meat/bone ratio) were significantly better than those of Holstein and their hybrids (P<0.05). Shear force values from bull were maximal among the groups; the values were second from castrated bull, and female’s values were lowest (P＜0.05). The tenderness and juiceless of Qinchuan cattle were prior to those of Holstein and its hybrids. The Met content of Holstein were higher than those of others. The content of unsaturated fatty acid of Qinchuan cattle were higher than those of others (P＜0.05). Overall, the meat production performance and meat quality of Qinchuan cattle were obviously better than those of Holstein and its hybrids. The sirloin, high rib, tenderloin, ribeye were considered as high-grade meat, rib meat, rump, eye round as mid-range meat, and beef flank, brisket and beef neck for low-grade meat according to the fleshy measurements on different parts.