Effcts Of Different Roughages On Traits Of Growth, Meat Performance And Meat Quality In Qinchuan Beef Cattle

The aim of the study was to research the effects of different roughages on traits of the growth, blood biochemical index, meat performance and meat quality in Qinchuan beef cattle. 20 Qinchuan beef cattles about 14 months with similar body weight were selected for this experiment(P>0.05), and randomly divided into four groups: alfalfa group(A alfalfa+ensiling+high concentrated food) and mulberry group(B mulberry+ensiling+high concentrated food), wheatgrass group(C wheatgrass+ensiling+high concentrated food) and control group(D ensiling+high concentrated food), each group had 5 bulls. The experiment was divided into three stages: the early period(60 days),the middle period(60 days) and the last period(60 days). On standard feeding conditions, the traits of growth, blood biochemical index, meat performance and meat quality were tested, and performed to statistically analyze the data. The results showed that:(1) Effects on growth:in the fattening stage, the daily gain in mulberry group had significant highest than those in alfalfa group, wheatgrass group and control group(P<0.05). Alfalfa group had significant highest than those in wheatgrass group and control group(P<0.05). wheatgrass group had no significant difference with control group(P>0.05). The daily gain in mulberry group was the best, wheatgrass group was the worst. So feeding alfalfa or mulberry leaves as roughage fattening Qinchuan beef cattle, can significantly improve daily gain, and the effect of daily gain in mulberry group was better. Mulberry leaves for roughage feeding Qinchuan beef cattle can improve the body length and waist height, had a significant increase in growth rate and improve the effect of fattening.(2) Effects on blood biochemical index:the content of serum total protein, glucose, alanine aminotransferase presented an upward trend with the increase of age; on the contrary, the content of triglyceride in serum showed a downward trend with the increase of age. In addition, in mulberry group the content of glucose, alanine aminotransferase, triglyceride was significantly higher than other three groups(P<0.05); and the blood urea nitrogen was significantly lower than other three groups(P<0.05). The mulberry leaf had the function of increased the content of glucose, alanine aminotransferase and triglyceride, reduce the content of urea.(3) Effects on meat performance: the alfalfa and the mulberry leaves as the quality of hay for the improvement of Qinchuan beef cattle meat performance effect was obviously, and the effects of mulberry leaf was better. Mulberry leaf can significantly improve the production of ribeye and topside. alfalfa for high-grade beef production increase was obvious. Therefore, in the process of beef cattle fattening, added to a moderate amount of alfalfa or mulberry leaves can improve meat performance and the production of high-grade beef in Qinchuan beef cattle.(4) Effects on meat quality: ① The content of crude fat in mulberry group was significantly higher than other groups(P<0.05), and The content of crude fat in alfalfa group was significantly higher than wheatgrass group and control group(P<0.05). Meanwhile, the crude protein content of mulberry group was higher than alfalfa group(P>0.05), and had significantly difference with wheatgrass group and control group(P<0.05). ② The content of Met and His in mulberry group had significantly difference with other groups,. The content of Lys in mulberry group was lower than alfalfa group(P>0.05),but higher than wheatgrass group and control group(P<0.05). ③ The content of linoleic acid, alpha linolenic acid content, total saturated fatty acids and unsaturated fatty acids in mulberry group was significantly higher than the other three groups(P<0.05). Results showed that, feeding mulberry leaf can improve the content of crude fat, crude protein, Met, His, Lys and alpha linolenic acid and linoleic acid in beef, help high quality beef production.