| The purpose of this experiment was to study the effects of different protein source feeds and their supplementation ratios on the growth performance,blood biochemical indicators,apparent nutrient digestibility,nitrogen metabolism and beef quality of Qinchuan beef cattle.20 Qinchuan beef cattles of about 12 months old with similar weight and good health were selected as experimental animals.According to the univariate randomized block design,20 test cattles were divided into 5 groups with 4 cattles in each group.Five different refined feeds were added to the diets of different experimental groups,and their protein feeds were 31% soybean meal,36% rapeseed meal,14% perilla cake+24% rapeseed meal,and 28% perilla cake+12% Rapeseed meal and 42% perilla cake,and were named as control group,test group ?,test group ?,test group ? and test group IV.Test lasts 120 days,Pre-feeding period 15 days,105 days trial.During the experiment,the body size and weight change of the test cattle,the daily average dry matter intake(DMI),dry matter(DM),organic matter(OM),neutral detergent fiber(NDF),acid detergent fiber(ADF),Nitrogen,urine nitrogen and urine nitrogen were measured;After the experiment,Three cattles were respectively selected for slaughter in control group(soybean meal group),test group ?(rapeseed meal group),and test group IV(perilla meal group).The results showed that:?.During the experiment,the average daily dry matter intake(DMI)of the control group and each experimental group showed a gradual increase trend.Among them,the DMI of the experimental IV group was the highest,which was significantly higher than that of the control group and the experimental group ?(P<0.05),there was no significant difference between the test group ? and the test group ?(P>0.05),and the test group ? was the smallest.The weight gain of the whole period is in the order of test group IV,test group ?,test group ?,test group ? and control group.The test group IV is significantly different from other groups(P<0.05).There was no significant difference between the control group,the test group ? and the test group ?(P>0.05).The largest average daily weight gain was 1.21 kg in the test IV group,which was significantly higher than the other groups(P<0.05),and the smallest was 1.02 kg in the control group,which was not significantly different from the test group ? and test ?(P>0.05).The total cholesterol concentration in test group IV was significantly higher than that in control group,test group ? and test group ?(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference from test group ?(P>0.05);high-density lipoprotein,low-density lipid The concentrations of protein,total protein,albumin,and globulin increased with the increase of the percentage of perilla cake in the concentrate.The test group IV was significantly higher than the other groups(P <0.05).The average cost per kilogram of weightincreasing feed was the largest in the control group.There was no significant difference between the experimental group ? and the experimental group ?(P>0.05),and the smallest was the experimental group IV,which was significantly lower than the other groups(P<0.05).?.test group IV had the highest nitrogen intake,and the test group ? had the lowest nitrogen content,and the differences between the groups were not significant(P>0.05);the manure nitrogen in the test group ? was significantly higher than test group ? and test group IV(P<0.05),and there is no significant difference with control group and test group ?(P>0.05);Test group IV had the highest sedimentary nitrogen,which was significantly different from other groups(P<0.05).The control group was significantly higher than the test group ?(P<0.05);The apparent digestibility of DM and ADF in test group IV was significantly higher than those in control group and test group ?(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in apparent digestibility of DM,OM and NDF between test group ? and test group ?(P>0.05);The content of urea nitrogen in the test group ? was significantly higher than in the control group and test group IV(P<0.05),and it was not significantly different from the test group ? and the test group ?(P>0.05);The control group has significantly higher nitrosate nitrogen content than the test group ? and test group IV(P<0.05),and these three groups are significantly higher than the test group ? and test group ?(P<0.05);Allantoin nitrogen in the control group was significantly higher than that in test group IV(P<0.05),and there was no significant difference from the other three groups(P>0.05);There were no significant differences in creatine nitrogen,microbial nitrogen predicted value,urea nitrogen/urine nitrogen,creatine nitrogen/urine nitrogen,and purine derivative nitrogen/urine nitrogen in each group(P>0.05).?.The total weight gain,average daily weight gain,and slaughter rate of test group IV were significantly higher than the other two groups(P<0.05);the dry matter and crude protein contents in the longest muscle of the back of the experimental IV group were all higher than the other two groups,but the differences between each group were not significant(P>0.05);the marble pattern of the control group and the test group ? were all grade 3,and the marble pattern of the test group IV was grade 4.Under the conditions of this experiment,42% perilla cake was used instead of 31% soybean meal in the concentrate(control group).The average daily dry matter intake of beef cattle was increased by 0.29 kg,the average daily weight gain was increased by 0.19 kg,and the feed weight ratio was decreased by 2.12.The average cost per kilogram of weight-increased feed was reduced by 1.53 yuan;the nitrogen deposition of beef cattle increased by 3.65 g / d,and the apparent digestibility of DM,OM,NDF,and ADF increased by 3.45%,2.22%,6.56%,and 10.98%;Net meat rate,beef longest creatine,and total amino acids increased by 3.40%,2.91%,6%,and 5.37%,respectively.In summary,the addition of 42% perilla cake to the concentrate can improve beef cattle raising efficiency,reduce raising costs,improve beef slaughter performance,and improve beef quality. |
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