Effect Of Different Apple Tree Shapes On Light Intercepted Ability And Yield And Fruit Quality

By using TES-1332A and WinSCANOPY2006a for hemispherical image analysis：（1）the difference of relative light intensity distribution, light intercepted ability, yield and growthwere studied with the six different apple tree shapes（V-trellis、Y-trellis、freedom spindle、slender spindle、tall spindle and improved spindle） and two rootstocks（M26、M7） on appletrees.（2）’Fuji’ and ’Royal Gala’ trained with Tall spindle(TS) and v-trellis(VT) as experimentmaterial,the structure index of trees and canopy structure were observed, fruit quality andyield were determined and analysed the relativity of fruit quality and canopy parameters withWinSCANOPY2006a for hemispherical image analysis.The result showed that:1Comparison of light interception ability and growth and yield of different apple treeshapes on dwarf rootstock(1) Spindle trees were more vigorous than Y-trellis and V-trellis trees.Y-trellis andV-trellis had better light condition within canopy, where the light distribution in every layerwas relatively uniform. LAI of Y-trellis/M26was1.59. That is to say, light intercepted abilityand output of Y-trellis was the lower, and the yield was406.18kg/667m2. With a higherplanting density, LAI and yield of V-trellis were higher than Y-trellis.(2) The comparison of four spindle shapes indicted that tall spindle was better indistribution of relative light intensity, and the relative light intensity within canopy over30%was79.6%, LAI of tall spindle was the biggest of six spindle shapes(2.96), the yield of tallspindle was1390.13kg/667m2, which was the highest in six apple tree shapes we studied.The mean fruit mass of Y-trellis、V-trellis、slender spindle and improved spindle was betterthan that of Tall spindle and freedom spindle. The fruit quality of Y-trellis and V-trellis with ahigher fruit weight, content of soluble sugar and pericarp color saturation is better than thoseof other tree shapes.(3) Tall spindle/M26had the highest yield and V-trellis was second, the fruit quality ofY-trellis and V-trellis was the best, and tall spindle was second. V-trellis has a tremendousupside potential. 2The comparision of canopy characteristic and fruit quality of tall spindle and V-trellison dwarf rootstock(1) The tree height, number of scaffold limb,mean yield per hm2and leaf area indexwere significantly higher in tall spindle, but the distance of scaffold limb,mean foliageinclination angle,openess, total site factor, PPDF Total Under,PPDF direct under and PPDFdiffuse under were significantly lower in tall spindle.(2) Mean fruit mass and mean yield per hm2were significantly higher in ’Royal Gala’trained with tall spindle than that in ’Royal Gala’ trained with V-trilles,but for ’Fuji’,thesituation was opposite.Pericarp color saturation, Soluble sugar, Sugar/Acid,coloring area weresignificantly higher in ’Fuji’ trained with V-trellise were significantly higher than that in ’Fuji’trained with tall spindle, but titratable acidity in in ’Fuji’ trained with V-trellis weresignificantly lower than than that in ’Fuji’ trained with tall spindle.(3) The two different tree shapes had quite distinct effert on ’Royal Gala’ from eachother.It was said that tall spindle was very beneficial for ’Royal Gala’ sapling in increasingyield,but had no signigicant effert on quality,V-trellis had a big effert on improving yield andquality of ’Fuji’ sapling.3Correlations (r values) between the major canopy characteristic indexes and fruitquality and mean yield per hm2of ‘Fuji’.LAI has good correlation with fruit quality and yield;Openess has good positivecorrelation with fruit quality,but hasv negative correlation with yield;Total site factor has goodpositive correlation with soluble solid and sugar/acid.