Study On Comparision Between Flower Bud Differentiation And Some Production Indexes In Different Pepper

Chilli pepper and pod pepper are both Capsicum genus plants of belong to solanaceae,which are the fresh vegetables and seasoning vegetables loved by the masses of the peoplearound. Flower bud differentiation is of great significance for plant production. Master offlower bud differentiation process and the change of metabolite, ensure smoothly plantsflower bud differentiation, has the important guiding significance in the production. Chillipepper and pod pepper as a more distinctive pepper germplasm resources, its flower buddifferentiation process have not been reported. Recently, with the extension of chilli pepperplanting area, the extension of planting year, chilli pepper continuous cropping obstacle all themore obvious, and the occurrence of pests and diseases, resulting in a decline in the yield andquality of the chili. Hope that through this test on the pepper flower bud differentiationprocess of morphological observation and some metabolites determination about chili onmechanism of flower bud differentiation and the comparison of the final output indicatorssuch, in order to get the relations between flower bud differentiation and production, provideguiding significance for production.1．By paraffin section method to confirm line pepper and pod pepper flower buddifferentiation process includes six periods, namely the differentiation of physiologicaldifferentiation stage, initial stage, sepal stage, petal differentiation stage, stamendifferentiation stage and pistil differentiation stage. On April3pepper came out, about25dafter the flower bud differentiation began, the door bell pepper flower bud differentiationlasted about28days.2．The change of plant height and the number of expansion leaves in the process offlower bud differentiation on Line pepper and pod pepper: the plant height and leaf numberincreased also as the flower bud differentiation. Line pepper cultivars of plant height around12㎝, unfolding leaf to4, has not been flower bud differentiation, for physiologicaldifferentiation phase; plant height16㎝or so, unfolding leaf to6, door bell pepper began theprocess of flower bud differentiation; plant height around31㎝and unfolding leaf to14the door bell pepper bud got into the pistil differentiation stage, soon after the door bell pepperflower bud differentiation is finished, the budding flower. While the pod pepper began toflower bud differentiation when plant height was11cm, the number of leaf was6-7, the doorbell pepper flower bud differentiation completed when plant height in19cm, leaves18or so.3．Anthrone colorimetry determined the content change of soluble sugar and starch of linechili and pod pepper in flower bud differentiation process: the two almost had the samechange trend, both were in the early differentiation peak, soluble sugar content were5.42%,5.65%,5.65%,5.65%,4.62%,6.73%,3.73%and3.85%; starch content were4.10%,3.28%,3.46%,4.10%,3.56%,6.27%,3.07%and2.56%, then gradually decline, late of flower buddifferentiation phenomenon had a small amount of accumulation; soluble sugar and starchplay an important role in the process of flower bud differentiation in pepper.4．Coomassie brilliant blue method determined the content change of soluble protein inthe flower bud differentiation process of line chili and pod pepper: within physiologicaldifferentiation stage, leaves accumulated large amounts of soluble protein, soluble proteincontent dropped rapidly along with the advancement of plant developmental processes, whichshowed that the flower bud differentiation process needs to consume large amounts of protein.Protein is the material basis for the flower bud morphological organ formation, high levels ofprotein is conducive to the smooth progress of flower bud differentiation.5．Ethanol method determined the chlorophyll content change in the flower buddifferentiation process of line chili and pod pepper: chlorophyll content accumulated inphysiological period, and the peak time was the same of soluble sugar content. Vegetativegrowth had a slightly stagnation, after the start of reproductive growth phase and chlorophyllcontent decreased, late in the flower bud differentiation, reproductive growth still needed a lotof nutrients, so the chlorophyll content increased, photosynthesis strengthened,manufacturing plant nutrients needed.6．Guaiacol line method and the colorimetric method determined the enzyme activity changeof three kinds of leaf POD, PAL and PPO in the flower bud differentiation process of chili andpod pepper: POD, PAL, PPO, three kinds of enzyme activity achieved higher activities in thephysiological differentiation stage, decreased into the early differentiation, relatively highlevels of POD, PPO and PAL activity may be good to flower bud differentiation of capsicum,but the specific mechanism remains to be further research.7．Relations between capsicum flower bud differentiation and production: flower buddifferentiation is the basis of yield formation, but it is not the only factor. Through the comparison of four chilli pepper cultivars, clusters of high rate of the yield is not necessarilyhigh; through the comparison of four cultivars of pod pepper can draw general rules orovergrown phase cultivars with high yield is relatively high. Therefore, take proper cultivationmeasures to ensure and promote the smooth progress of flower bud differentiation, and toensure flower bud forming the fruit as much as possible is the key to improve the hot pepperproduction.