The Phyletic Evolution And Diversity Study In Subgenus Ceratotropis And Its Main Cultivated Species-mungbean

Ceratotropis, belonging to Vigna in Leguminosa, consists of5cultivated species and16wildspecies. China has abundant of genetic resource of Ceratotropis, and the analysis of the relationshipamong species can prodive us important information for evolutionary study of them, and also can helpus investigating elite genes for breeding. Mungbean, one of main cultivated specie of Ceratotropis, is atraditional food and has been cultivated in China over2000years. However, the genetic study of thiscrop is much lagged, and the utilization of germplasm resources need to be strengthened. In the presentstudy, we first analyzed the variation of cpDNA sequences among different species in Ceratotropis, andtry to investigate the relationship of them, and then, we evaluated the genetic diversity of Chinesemungbean germplasm both based on phenotypes and genotypes, in order to get a good manage of thisgermplasm reosurces. The main results of all above analysis showed as follows:1. In total of110accessions of Ceratotropis were analyzed by using intergenic regions psbA-trnH,rpoB-trnC, trnL-trnF and intron rpll6, rps16of chloroplast genome. The results showed thatparsim-info site percentage varied from3.63%to24.28%, with the highest for rps16and the lowest forrpoB-trnC. There were great differences of the fragment length of sequences among diverse species. Bycomparing the sequences, we could deduced that V.trinervia may be genome donors of V.reflexo-pilosa,while V. trilobata and V. stipulacea may be derived from a common ancestor. The V. minima complexand V. dalzelliana had closer genetic relationship except intron rpsl6.2. There was a high level of variation in14agronomic traits among208mungbean germplasmresource. Especially in quantitative characters, and the diversity index of pod length was the highest(2.05). Cluster analysis based on UPGMA showed that these resources were divided into6groups, andthe average yield for germplasm distinctively different between groups. The germplasm from Shandongwas the highest variation(1.92) at quantitative characters, while Beijing was the lowest (1.53). UPGMAclustering of population showed that10populations were divided into3categories: Jilin and Liaoningpopulations were classed together and the abroad population were classed one category alone. Therewas certain relationship between population character performance and geographical origin.3. The genetic diversity of18mungbean groups from different areas was analyzed by using40SSRmarkers. A total of125alleles were identified with an average of3.1alleles per locus. The average ofeffective number of alleles (NE), Shannon’s information index (I) were1.8,0.6754, respectively. Hebei,Shandong and Anhui had a higher genetic variation than other provinces, and the genetic variation levelof Jilin and Liaoning was lower. The average observed heterozygosity (Ho) was0.1001and the averageof inbreeding coefficient among population (Fis) was0.6759, indicating that a certain degree ofinbreeding existed in Chinese mungbean germplasm. The gene flow (Nm=0.6936) and the averagegenetic differentiation (Fst=0.2649) also showed a high genetic variation within Chinese mungbean.272individuals were divided into2groups and18populations were divided into3groups based onPopgene software. The genetic distances between groups were agreeable with their geographical origin.