Development And Application Of Grain Insecticide Based On Essential Oil

During the period of storage, grain could be damaged by insects such as Sitophilus zeamais and Ribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal, which could cause huge quality and quantity losses of stored grain. At present, the chemical insecticides are used to protect the grain generally, but the application of chemical pesticides have chemical residues and are harmful to humans and animals. So the sustainable and stable grain plant-derived insecticides which had best insecticidal effect on main storage grain insects are urgently needed.Insecticide of a single essential oil released by porous starch (Fennel essential oil, essential oil of artemisia argyis and Cinnamon oil) and insecticide of compound essential oils released by porous starch (X1Y1Z1, X1Y2Z1、X1Y1Z2、X2Y1Z1、X2Y2Z1、X1Y2Z2、 X2Y1Z2、X2Y2Z2) against stored grain insects Sitophilus zeamais and Ribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal in the repellency were studied. Therefore the two grain insecticides of essential oil released by porous starch were made. Through repellent experiment and fumigation experiment, the best insecticide and its concentration were determined. Several kinds of tests of the grain insecticides of essential oil released by porous starch were tested in the last. The results showed that:(1) In Cinnamon oil, Fennel essential oil, Artemisia argyi oil; Clove oil, Laurel oil, Sweet orange oil and Lemon oil seven essential oils, the better repellency of essential oils against Sitophilus zeamais and Ribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal were Cinnamon oil, Fennel essential oil, Artemisia argyi oil and Clove oil. The repellent rates were90%or more, the level of repellency is V.(2) The better fumigation of essential oils against Sitophilus zeamais and Ribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal were Cinnamon oil, Fennel essential oil and Artemisia argyi oil. The insecticidal effects of Cinnamon oil against Sitophilus zeamais and Ribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal were that the LD50was the0.032μL/cm3after48h. The insecticidal effects of Fennel essential oil against Sitophilus zeamais and Ribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal were that the LD50was the0.032μL/cm3after48h. The insecticidal effects of Fennel essential oil against Sitophilus zeamais was that the LD50was the0.024μL/cm3after24h. Though the mortality of Fennel essential oil against Ribolium confusum Jacquelin duVal was worse than that against Sitophilus zeamais, the insecticidal effect was that the LD50was the0.030μL/cm3after72h.(3) Insecticides of a single essential oil released by porous starch which had the better insecticidal effect were Cinnamon oil, Fennel essential oil and Artemisia argyi oil. The insecticidal effects were showing a slow release phase, and the mortality was a constant between72h to96h, the reduced to0%.(4) The best insecticide of compound essential oils released by porous starch was X2Y2Z1. It had best insecticidal effect, the best mortality, the shortest death date was4days, and the insect control duration was long and stable.