The Research On The Cultural Technology And Application Of Dry Direct Seeding Rice In Guangxi Province

Dry direct seeding is the high-efficient and high-yield cultivation techniques, which can save agricultural water, save labors, shorten the growth duration and improve the utilization ratio of nitrogenous fertilizer. The development of dry direct seeding in China has a relatively long story. Now, with the deepening of the research and the improvement of cultural technology, dry direct seeding has a new concept and joins in the precision agriculture. Moreover, the climate condition in Guangxi is suitable for the application of dry direct seeding. But the area of extension in Guangxi is currently lesser. While dry direct seeding accounts for larger proportion area in Jiangsu. In order to explore the growth characteristics and the yield performance of dry direct seeding rice and find its development potential in Guangxi, we carried out the series of field experiment. The test places are located in seven cities or countries, which are Nanning, Bobai, Binyang, Quanzhou, Hengxian, Beiliu, Lingshan and Guiping. The test contents include contrast between dry cultivation and water, variety, seeding rate, planting density, nitrogen fertilizer management, seed coating and liquid film. Hope to provide the theory bases for extending dry direct seeding in Guangxi.The experimental results show that the shortening of growth duration of dry direct seeding rice is mainly manifested in the period from the emergence of the rice seeding to tillering stage. The reproductive stage of dry direct seeding rice is same with the transplanting’s. More dry matter is accumulated during the heading stage. However, the phenomenon of premature aging appears during the filling period. And during the filling period, nitrogen grain production efficiency is low, while the nitrogen harvest index is higher and nitrogen in gaseous form less volatile. The yield of dry direct seeding rice is significantly higher than water direct seeding rice and water transplanting. The dry direct seeding is more suitable for early rice planting and is better to use late maturing varieties. Sowing can be in early April in north Guangxi and seeding rate in1.5-2kg per mu can be advisable. When use nitrogen fertilizer, it is better to apply little base fertilizer, add fertilizer during seeding and increase the ear fertilizer so that to improve the nitrogen utilization efficiency. In addition to, liquid film with the protective effect can obviously increase the panicles and the dry-raised agent has a better production effect.Dry direct seeding in Guangxi has already developed in Liujiang, Qinzhou and Lingshan with small area and its promotion still need more technical support. For instance, weed control technology should be efficient and harmless to the environment, and water management should be scientific and reasonable, and research on the fertilizer management should also be combined with the physiological performance in rice. In the end, this thesis puts forward some suggestions about policy, scientific research, demonstration and system for the extension of dry direct seeding, and hope it can get good development in Guangxi. All in a word, dry direct seeding has a good prospect for application and will promote the development of rice high-yield and high-efficient in Guangxi.