| Zanthoxylunm bungeanum of Rutaceae has a higher value for edible and medicinal use.At present,the researches on Chinese prickly ash are mainly about high yield cultivation, pestcontrol and chilling injury defending, with few research about biological characteristicsreported. Which inhibit the development of fine seeds selection and cultivation ofZanthoxylunm bungeanum. Two Dahongpao cultivars from Fengxian county and Hanchengcity were selected as research objects,this paper studied morphological differentiation of buddifferentiation process and the physiological and biochemical indexes of correspondingperiods, explore the physiological mechanism of bud differentiation and the relationshipbetween the dynamic changes of enzyme activity, carbohydrate, endogenous polyamines andthe bud differentiation and fruition, in order to provide evidences for high-yield cultivationtechniques of Zanthoxylunm bungeanum. The main results are as follows：1.Flowering phase lasts about10-18days, mianly in the midmonth of April, and thisphase of Dahongpao in Hancheng city is later than that in Fengxian county. Fructescencephase lasts about20days, mianly in the midmonth of August, and this phase of Dahongpao inHancheng city is about15days later than that in Fengxian county.2. Bud morphodifferentiation process of Chinese prickly ash Dahongpao consists of sixperiods:undifferentiation,inflorescence primordium differentiation, rachis differentiation,blossom bud differentiation, sepal differentiation and pistil differentiation.Budmorphodifferentiation process of Fengxian Dahongpao consists of sixperiods:undifferentiation（11/9close）,inflorescence primordium differentiation（11/5~12/18）,rachis differentiatio（n11/27~2/8）, blossom bud differentiation（2/5~3/4）, sepal differentiation（2/25~3/15） and pistil differentiation（3/11~4/5）. Bud morphodifferentiation process ofHancheng Dahongpao consists of six periods:undifferentiation（11/25close）,inflorescenceprimordium differentiation（11/18~1/5）, rachis differentiation（12/15~2/17）, blossom buddifferentiation（2/11~3/12）, sepal differentiation（3/7~3/25） and pistil differentiation（3/22~4/14） The beginning and total differentiation time of two Dahongpao cultivarsdiffers. During the whole period, rachis differentiation lasts longest about55ays, while sepaland pistil differentiation last about18~24days,which illustrate that different differentiationsshows great diversities; besides, the whole differentiations of Chinese prickly ash Dahongpao in Fengxian county is15days earlier than Hancheng city.3.During the whole morphodifferentiation period, the variation trend of protectiveenzyme activity, soluble protein, carbohydrate content and MDA content in the twoDahongpao cultivars are the same,both increased firstly and then decreased,and increasedagain.but it differs the time they reach the maximum, the POD activity and MDA contentincreased to the highest point in the process of rachis differentiation,while the soluble proteinand SOD activity reach the peak in the process of blossom bud differentiation.4.The whole morphodifferentiation period was accompanied by synthesis ofpolyamines in Two Dahongpao cultivars.At the beginning of flower buds differentiation,the content of Put increased gradually and then reached the peak, which indicated thatcontent of Putrescine is beneficial for the start of flower bud differentiation;In the blossombud differentiation, both the content of Put and Spermidine reach the highest point,and theascending range of Spermidine is bigger. thus it can be seen that accumulation ofapolyamines, specifically, the content of Spermidine, is benefical for the formation offlowers. In the period of pistil differentiation, both the content of Put and Spermidine riseagain, and the content of Put increased rapidly,which indicated that it has a closerelationship with pistil differentiation. |
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