The Effects Of Coverage On Root, Fruit Growth Of Longan Trees And Soil Of Longan Orchards

The experiment was designed as follow:(1) The bottom of the tree was covered by a black plastic film;(2) The bottom of the tree was covered by straw;(3) The bottom of the tree was planted;(4) The bottom of the tree was covered by cow dung;(5) Clean tillage(CK). The experiment studys the things as bellow:the influence of different treatments of experiment on the soil and the roots,the tree body nutrition. The fruit quality,production of different treatment of experiments. The primary conclusions of the experiment are as follows:1Trees covered with thermal insulation water effect, earthworms and straw covering can effectively regulate soil moisture and temperature, increases the soil nutrients composition of0-40cm; treatment with grass reduced the orchard’s surface temperature in summer and autumn; Cover the black plastic film processing reduced the water content of soil, and in a certain period of time reduced the soil nutrients.2The roots of the black plastic film Cover treatment distribution effects were mainly60-70cm soil layer;from the trunk total of100cm backbone.; the roots of straw treatment distribution were mainly60-70cm soil layer;from the trunk total of100cm backbone, the roots of the Plant clover were mainly distributed from0to10cm soil layer;of the total100cm from the trunk, the roots of the earthworms treatment were mainly distributed in50cm from the total tree trunk of50-60cm soil layer;the roots of CK treatment were mainly distributed in40-50cm soil layer from the total100cm of the tree trunk. Overall, Cover black plastic film and Plant clover root quantity were many, the lower level of the CK treatment were much more, Plant clover roots, emerge with a rise in phenomena. 3The values of SPAD of the leaves,the weight of hundred-leaf, the growth of the tips, the content of total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium of the leaves during the full bearing period was improved,also improved the total potassium during the time of flower-bud differentiation. The clover increases the area of leaves and the weight of hundred-leaf during vegetative period and increased the total phosphorus during full bearing age and low the total nitrogen during the nutrition period, low the increment of young sprout, and low the weight of hundred-leaf. The black plastic film enhanced the total phosphorus during the full bearing age and reduced amount the total nitrogen and total potassium during the vegetative growth period and lowered the area of leaf and the increment of young sprout during the reproductive growth period.4The covered ground of the bottom of the tree can enhanced the quality and output of the orchard and increased the economic benefits, especially the black plastic film reached4680.00yuan/666.7m2, the cow dunk with the earthworm was better than CK.Comprehensively analysis, the earthworm treatment and covering grass treatment could improve the soil water, temperature, fertilizer, pH conditions, improved the soil ecological environment and increased the fruit yield and quality. Especially raised earthworms in the orchard could establish the symbiotic relationship of fruit tree and earthworms, to reduced fertilizer used, which was conformed to the scientific view of development of resource saving and environment friendly.