Comparative Study Of The Production Structure And Photosynthetic Capacity In Xin-Ding Basin Spring Wheat

This test chooses10spring wheat varieties with high yield, good quality and different ecotypes that were bred respectively in Xinjiang and Ningxia Autonomous Regions, Gansu province and Shanxi province for spring sowing in the experimental field of Maize Research Institute of Shanxi Academy of Agricultural Science. There’re4small tests, seeding quantity at seeding time, fertilizer and density strategy, comparison between floods and droughts, varieties comparison to study the adaptability of high-quality spring wheat varieties in Xin-ding basin, including proper seeding date, population density, fertilizer and density effect, fertility reaction and photosynthesis, etc. The results show:(1) In Xin-ding basin, the proper seeding date and population density of introduced spring wheat Ningchun50respectively are28th March and40Jin. The whole growth and development adapt to the weather pattern of Xinding basin, three yield factors’values are quite high and agronomic characters are reasonable. The yields of2011and2012in introduction area are basically stable. On the photosynthetic characteristics, under same treatment, water use efficiency, Photosynthetic active radiation, net photosynthetic efficiency and transpiration rate of flag leaf are basically the highest among different leaf positions. Under different sowing date and population density, for flag leaf, the efficiency is high if sowing date is early and density is high, for second and third upper leaves, the efficiency is high if sowing date is late and density is high. From the whole results, photosynthetic efficiency is the most favorable when sowing date is28th March and seeding quantity is40Jin.(2) In Xin-ding basin, the proper fertilizer and population density are respectively base fertilizer plus compound fertilizer and40n Jin seeding quantity. The whole growth state is reasonable, however, if observe fertilizer and density strategy alone, the phenomenon that yields under individual fertilizer and population density is higher also occurs. On the photosynthetic characteristics, under same treatment, water use efficiency, photosynthetic active radiation, net photosynthetic efficiency and transpiration rate of flag leaf are basicaliy the highest among different leaf positions. Under different fertilizer and density strategies, for40Jin seeding quantity, photosynthetic efficiency is highest with treatment of base fertilizer. This test lasts one year, and the result that high yield is achieved under individual fertilizer and density treatment has to be explored further.(3) Among spring wheat from Ningxia, Gansu and Xinjiang, Xinjiang variety Xin-chun30has the highest yield and adaptability with flood and draught treatment in Xin-ding basin.(4) With unified field management, for Xinjiang variety Xin-chun30, Xin-chun26, they have the characteristics of early maturity, large panicles, good yellowing and strong adaptability, and their yields are at the forefront of tested varieties; for Xin-chun29, Xin-chun6, their characteristics are late maturity, slow filling rate, poor grain plumpness and low yield; for Ning-chun4, Ning-chun47, Ning-chun50and H2038, they are characterized by high ear-bearing tiller percentage, uniform population and their yields exceed that of local traditional varieties by more than10%.