Studies On Growing Dynamic And Harvest Time Of Six Types Burpleuri Medicinal Plants

Radix Bupleuri is a perennial herb which belongs to Umbelliferae.Its dry roots are usedas medicine.It has antibacterial, anti-inflammatory function, antiviral, antipyretic andgastrointestinal ulcer prevention effect. The Chinese Pharmacopoeia of2010version saidthat Bupleurum chinense and Bupleurum scorzonerifolium can used for medicaltreatments.The former is commonly known as Bupleurum,while the latter is known as theSouth Bupleurum.Because of the plant species of Bupleurum are abundant,and distribute widely.It iscommon that different places have different local resources. This can give rise to a situationthat the custom and species of radix bupleuri people use are all totally different. And due tothe dynamic growth, yield and quality are different, the quality of Bupleurum medicine and itspreparation are also instable.In this study,the six different cultivars which cultivated in the central Gansu Provincewere used as materials.The cultivars were Bupleurum chinense, Bupleurum scorzonerifolium,Narrow bamboo leaf radix bupleuri, Zhongchaiyihao,Bupleurum falcatum and Bupleurumsmithii. To compare yield, quality and economic efficiency of Bupleurum in different harvestperiods were the main contents of the research. The results are summarized as follows:1.The dynamic change of aboveground part of six kinds of Burpleuri cultivars.ToSeptember25,2011, the average height of Bupleurum scorzonerifolium was thehighest,123.11cm,the minimum was Bupleurum smithii which was only66.23cm; Theaverage diameter of main stem of Narrow bamboo leaf radix bupleuri was thethickest,1.01cm.While the slenderest was Bupleurum smithii,only0.43cm.The total numberof stems of Bupleurum scotzonerifo1ium, Narrow bamboo leaf radix bupleuri andZhongchaiyihao were maintained between1to4. The total number of stems of Bupleurumfaleatum and Bupleurum chinense were between1to3,while the number of Bupleurumsmithii’s stems was unchanged during the whole growth stage. Arranged by the number ofovergrounded steam branches,from the maximum to the minimum,were Bupleurumscotzonerifo1ium, Zhongchaiyihao, Narrow bamboo leaf radix bupleuri, Bupleurum chinenseBupleurum falcatum and Bupleurum smithii. The Bupleurum faleatum’s leaf area of every single plant was the largest, reached to4920.05cm2per plant, the smallest was Bupleurumsmithii,only66.83cm2per plant.At the same time,the average number of leaves per plant was339.50piece/plant,15.00piece/plant respectively,and the difference was significant obvious.2. The dynamic change of underground part of six types of Burpleuri cultivars. ToOctober25, the root length of Bupleurum scotzonerifo1ium was the longest(18.10cm),theroot length of Bupleurum faleatum was the shortest only12.65cm. While the root diameter ofBupleurum chainense was maximum, the minimum was Bupleurum smithii, respectivelyreached to1.35cm and0.44cm; The weight of dry roots reached to the maximum atSeptember25. Among them Zhongchaiyihao’s dry roots weight was the heaviest(2.75g perplant). Bupleurum chinense and Zhongchaiyihao were intent to create more lateral roots,from8to9. The amount of lateral roots of Narrow bamboo leaf radix bupleuri was between6to7.Bupleurum scotzonerifo1ium was between2to4.3.The dynamic change of plant biomass of six types of Burpleuri cultivars. The drybiomass of six types of Burpleuri medicinal plants reached to the maximum at October25,2011.The different cultivars were sorted by the dry biomass in descending order,the orderwas Zhongchaiyihao then Bupleurum faleatum, Bupleurum chinense, Narrow bamboo leafradix bupleuri,Bupleurum scotzonerifo1ium and last Bupleurum smithii.The drying rate ofBupleurum smithii was highest,reached to82.87%,the lowest was Bupleurumscotzonerifo1ium which was only30.09%; The root/shoot ratio of Bupleurum smithii was theheighest (0.44), the lowest was the Bupleurum faleatum(0.09).4.The germplasm with good quality of Bupleurum in central Gansu Province. Accordingto standards of the dynamic change of Bupleurum,the result showed that the central region ofGansu is the most suitable planting field for Zhongchaiyihao,and secondly suitable forBupleurum chinense and Narrow bamboo leaf radix bupleuri, their root yield were2291.66kg/hm2,2008.33kg/hm2and1833.33kg/hm2, the total content of saikosaponin a+d was0.4963%,0.3934%and1.2091%respectively.Besides, their net economical income reachedto180,814.23yuan/hm2,151014.35yuan/hm2and133839.42yuan/m2.5. The optimum harvest time for six types of Burpleuri cultivars.Considering the yield,quality and economic efficiency as well as the increase amount per day and other factors todetermine the best time to harvest in the central region of GanSu province. From late September to mid-October was the best time to harvest Bupleurum chinense, Bupleurumscotzonerifo1ium, Bupleurum faleatum, Zhongchaiyihao and Bupleurum smithii. Narrowbamboo leaf radix bupleuriand’s optimum time for harveste was late August tomid-September.