Effects Of Diet Supplementation Mannan Oligosaccharide On Repreduction Performance And Immune Of Sows And Performance, Immune And Intestinal Microflora Of Their Offspring

Mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) has the effect to improve growth performance and modulate immune response in animals. However, different products have diverse immunomodulation abilities and swine in different physiological stages also have inconsistent response to them. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of supplementing sow or their offspring diets with MOS (Actigen, ACT) on their performance and immune and piglet intestinal microflora. A total of60multiparous sows (3-5parity; Landrace×Yorkshire) on86day of gestation were assigned to2dietary treatments randomly:control (CON), basal diet; and Actigen (ACT),400mg/kg Actigen addition. It means that30replicates per treatment and1sow per replicate. The trial period was from d86of gestation until d20of lactation. On d7of age, all the offspring of sows were randomly assigned from within blocks to1of4treatments in a2X2factorial arrangement [2types of sow diet:CON and ACT; and2types of piglet diet:control and ACT addition (800mg/kg)] in a randomized complete block design. It means that pigs were assigned to4treatments, with15replicates per treatment and1litter piglet per replicate. Pigs were fed those experimental diets from d7until d35of age and weaned at the age of20d. All the samples about blood of sows on d86of gestation and at farrowing, colostrum and weaning milk, bloods of piglets in umbilical cord and at age of20d and35d, the middle part of jejunum tissue and mucosa and intestine mesenteric lymph in35d old piglets, and chyme from jejunum, ileum, cecum and colon in35d old piglets were collected.(1) Actigen addition in diet of sows during late gestation did not affect the numbers, the weight of piglets at birth and sow serum specific antibodies concentrations of classical swine fever (CSF), porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) and porcine pseudo-rabies (PR). Sow dietary treatment did not affect the concentrations of IgA and IgG in colostrum and milk, but tended to increase IgM (P=0.09) in colostrum. Actigen was added to the diet of sows increased the ADG of piglets before weaning (P=0.01). Moreover, Actigen added to the diet of piglets increased ADG both before (P<0.01) and after (P<0.01) weaning.(2) Supplementing sow diet with ACT, increased piglets serum concentrations of IgA (P<0.01), IgG (P<0.01), complement3(C3)(P<0.01), lysozyme (LYS)(P<0.01) and complement4(C4)(P=0.05) at weaning, as well as increased the concentrations of IL-2(P=0.02) and IL-10(P=0.02), and had the tendency to improve interferon-y (IFN-y)(P=0.08) and tumor necrosis factor-a (TNF-a)(P=0.08) contents in weaning piglets. ACT also enhanced the serum concentrations of C3(P<0.01), LYS (P<0.01) and decreased the concentration of IL-2(P<0.01) and IL-4(P<0.01) but had no effect on IL-10, IFN-y and TNF-a in piglet serum at35days old. Furthermore, the sow dietary added Actigen increased content of secretory immunoglobulin A (sIgA)(P=0.04) in jejunum mucosa at35days old.(3) Piglet diet added ACT increased piglets serum concentrations of IgA (P=0.01), IgG (P=0.01) and C4(P=0.08) at weaning, as wll as C3(P<0.01), LYS (P<0.01), C4(P=0.01) and IL-10(P<0.01) at35days old, but decreased the contents of IL-2(P=0.03), IL-4(P=0.01) and IFN-y (P<0.01) in serum of35d old piglet.(4) Piglet fed Actigen had a tendency to decrease the numbers of E. coli in chyme of jejunum (P=0.06) and cecum (P=0.08), and had the tendency to increase Lactobacillus in chyme of jejunum (P=0.07), and increased Lactobacillus in chyme of ileum (P<0.01). However, sow diet Actigen did not have these effects.(5) The dietary of sow or piglet supplemented with Actigen did not affect the mRNA expression of toll-like receptor2(TLR2) and toll-like receptor4(TLR4) statistically in jejunum tissue and intestine mesenteric lymph of35d old piglets. Actigen added to the dietary of sow improved the mRNA expression of nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65)(P <0.05) and IL-8(P<0.05) in jejunum tissue, but decreased IL-8mRAN expression significantly (P<0.01) in intestinal lymphatic. Actigen added to the piglet diet upregulated the mRNA expression of nuclear factor-κB p65(NF-κB p65)(P<0.05) and IL-8(P<0.05) in jejunum tissue but had a tendency to downregulated mRNA expression of NF-κB p65(P=0.07). These results indicate that MOS addition in diet of sows during late pregnancy and lactation did not alter their reproduction performance and immunity but improves the growth performance and immunological responses of their offspring. Supplementing piglet diet with MOS from the age of7to35day improved the growth performance and part of non-specific immunity. Supplementing the diet of piglet with MOS improved the intestinal microbial flora. MOS enhanced the sensitivity of jejunum immune reaction by activating the TLR signal pathway, on the contrary, it suppressed the over stimulation of TLR signal pathway in intestinal lymphatic and improved intestinal health finally. MOS is beneficial to piglet growth and health whatever it was supplemented in sow or pig dietary.