Effect Of Different Proportions Of Trifolium Repens L On Production Performance And Digestion Physiology Of Meat Rabbit

In order to acquire appropriate proportion of white clover meal in the diet of growing rabbits, In this study, we selected30±2days, good health condition,similar weight (650±20g), male and female half and half of150weaned New Zealand rabbits as experimental animals. These rabbits were randomly divided into five groups, among them, one for the control group, four groups for treatment, each group five repeats, each repeat six rabbits.Proportions of white clover meal in the diet of each group are0%(control group CK)、10%(treatment Ⅰ)、20%(treatment Ⅱ)、30%(treatmentⅢ)and40%(treatment Ⅳ). we researched effect of different proportions of white clover meal on production performance、 digestive metabolism、slaughter performance、blood index、digestive enzyme activity intestinal tissue morphology and cecum environment of meat rabbit. The results showed as follows:(1) During the test period, treatment group average daily feed intake and daily gain showed a trend of decreased at first and finally increased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal.Average daily gain of treatment Ⅳ was the highest, reached32.1g/d,extremely significantly higher than treatmentⅠ、Ⅱ、Ⅲand control group(P<0.01). The variation tendency of feed-weight ratio was not obvious, treatment groups were lower than control group except treatment Ⅰ, feed-weight ratio of treatment Ⅳ was the lowest, reached3.5.(2) Digestion of crude protein crude fat、crude fiber、neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber increased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal. Digestion of four treatment groups were higher than control group, treatment Ⅳ was the highest among them.(3) Slaughter percentage and percentage of eviscerated yield increased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal. Slaughter percentage of four treatment groups were higher than control group, but there were no significant difference among them. Percentage of eviscerated yieid of treatment Ⅳ was50.67%, extremely significantly higher than treatment I and control group(P<0.01), significantly higher than treatment II(P<0.05). The variation tendency of the liver index and spleen index were not obvious with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal. There were no significant difference among the liver index of treatment groups and control group(P>0.05), but treatment groups were lower than control group. There were no significant difference among the spleen index of treatment groups and control group (P>0.05), but treatment groups were higher than control group.(4) alkaline phosphatase(ALP)、aspartate aminotransferase(AST)、 gamma glutamyl transferase(GGT)、total cholesterol(T-CHO)、blood urea nitrogen(BUN)、glucose (GLU)、triglyceride(TG)、total protein(TP)increased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal. Albumin(ALB)showed a trend of increased at first and finally decreased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal, while the variation tendency of alanine aminotransferase(ALT)was not obvious. There were no significant difference among the ALP、T-CHO and TG of treatment groups and control group(P>0.05).Immuno globulin M(IgM)and immunoglobulin A(IgA)level of treatment groups were higher than control group, while the variation tendency of immunoglobulin G(IgG)was not obvious.The three indicators of treatment Ⅳ was the highest. IgG level of treatment IV was extremely significantly higher than other treatment groups(P<0.01), significantly higher than control group(P<0.05). IgM level of treatment Ⅳ was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05), while had no significant difference with other treatment groups(P>0.05). IgA level of treatment IV was extremely significantly higher than treatment II and control group(P＜0.01), significantly higher than treatment Ⅰ and Ⅲ (P＜0.05).(5) Amylase(AMS) activity of treatment groups showed a trend of decreased at first and finally increased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal, treatment Ⅰ and Ⅳ had relatively higher activity respectively was32.37and32.92u/g.prot Lipase(LPS)activity increased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal. AMS activity of treatment Ⅳ was extremely significantly higher than treatmentⅡ and Ⅲ(P<0.01), significantly higher than control group(P<0.05), while had no significant difference with treatment I(P>0.05).(6) Cecum crypt depth and mucosal thickness、 jejunum villus width and crypt depth increased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal, but the variation tendency of jejunum villus length and mucosal thickness were not obvious. Cecum crypt of treatment Ⅰ and Ⅲ were significantly deeper than control group(P<0.05), while had no significant difference with treatment Ⅱ and IV(P>0.05). Cecum mucosal of treatment Ⅲ was the thickest,reached249.53μm. Jejunum villus of treatment Ⅱ was the longest, reached885.401μm. Jejunum mucosal of treatment Ⅱ was the thicknest reached1057.55μ m. There were no significant difference among the jejunum villus width of treatment groups and control group(P>0.05). jejunum crypt of treatment Ⅲ and Ⅳ were significantly deeper than control group(P<0.05), while had no significant difference with treatment I and II(P>0.05).(7) pH、ammoina nitrogen (NH3-N) and cellulose enzyme activity increased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal.30%meal group had the highest NH3-N concentration, reached0.19(mg/L), while40%meal group had the highest cellulose enzyme activity, reached83.82(u/g). Concentration of acetic acid and propionic acid showed a trend of increased at first and finally decreased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal, while concentration of butyric acid decreased with the increase of the proportion of white clover meal. Concentration of acetic acid、propionic acid and butyric acid of treatment groups were lower than control group. The ratio of cecum and live weight had no significant difference among all groups, while treatment groups were biger than control group.Appropriate proportion of white clover meal is good for production performance and digestive physiology of meat rabbit. In terms of comprehensive,40%white clover meal had the best feeding effect in this experimental condition.